5-laboratoriya ishi vtp protokoli soz

Xavfsizlik: muhim ma`lumotlarga ega bo`lgan guruhlarni tarmoqning boshqa qismlaridan ajratiladi. Uning yordamida axborotni maxfiyligini buzilish extimolligini kamaytiradi;
Xarajatlarni kamaytirish: o`tkazish qobiliyatidan samarali foydalanish va qimmat tarmoq inrastrukturalari yangilanishini arzonligi;
Samaradorlikni oshirish: tarmoqni ikkinchi pog`onada bir nechta mantiqiy guruhlarga bo`lish (keng eshittirishli domen) ortiqcha tarmoq trafigini sonini kamaytiradi va samaradorlikni oshiradi;
Keng eshittirishli domenlarni kamaytiradi: tarmoqni VLANlarga ajratish keng eshittirishli domendagi qurilmalar sonini kamaytiradi.
Аxborot texnologiyalari bo`limining samaradorligini oshirish: VLAN tarmog`i tarmoqni boshqarishni soddalashtiradi. Yangi kommutatorni ekspluatatsiyaga kiritishda ko`rsatilgan portlarda kerakli qoida va jarayonlarni amalga oshiradi. Аxborot texnologiyalari mutaxassislari VLAN ga tegishli nom bilan tarmoqni funktsiyasini tezda aniqlashadi.
Har bir VLAN tarmoqda qaysidir bir IP tarmoqqa tegishli bo`ladi. VLAN ni loyihalashda tarmoq adreslashining ierarxik tizimini amalga oshirishni inobatga olish lozim. Ierarxik adreslash degenda tarmoqni to`liq ishlashida VLAN tarmog`i yoki IP tarmoqning segmentlarini tartibli berilgan raqamlanishi tushiniladi.
Vlan tarmoqlari asosan 2 xil diapazoda bo`ladi:
1.Standart – 1 dan 1005 gacha

2.Kengaytirilgan – 1006 dan 4094 gacha

Kommutator portlari VlAN 1 ga oldindan biriktirilgan bo`ladi (default vlan, native
vlan = 1)

5.1-rasm. VLAN 1 ga biriktirilgan portlar ro‘yxati

1 topshiriq bo`yicha laboratoriya ishini bajarish tartibi
5.2-rasmda ko`rsatilgan topologiya bo`yicha Sw1, Sw2 kommutatorlar uchun asosiy konfiguratsiyalarni sozlang.

5.2-rasm. VLAN tarmog`i asosida tuzilgan tarmoq topologiyasi

5.1-jadval

Qurilma	IP-manzil	Gateway	VLAN ID	Interface	Port rejimlari
Laptop0	192.168.10.1	192.168.10.254	vlan 10	Fa0/1	Access
Laptop1	192.168.10.2	192.168.10.254	vlan 10	Fa0/2	Access
Laptop2	192.168.30.1	192.168.30.254	vlan 30	Fa0/5	Access
Laptop3	192.168.30.2	192.168.30.254	vlan 30	Fa0/6	Access
Laptop4	192.168.20.1	192.168.20.254	vlan 20	Fa0/3	Access
Laptop5	192.168.20.2	192.168.20.254	vlan 20	Fa0/4	Access
Laptop6	192.168.10.3	192.168.10.254	vlan 10	Fa0/1	Access
Laptop7	192.168.10.4	192.168.10.254	vlan 10	Fa0/2	Access
Laptop8	192.168.20.3	192.168.20.254	vlan 20	Fa0/3	Access
Laptop9	192.168.20.4	192.168.20.254	vlan 20	Fa0/4	Access
Laptop10	192.168.30.3	192.168.30.254	vlan 30	Fa0/5	Access
Laptop11	192.168.30.4	192.168.30.254	vlan 30	Fa0/6	Access
SW1	-	-	Vlan 10,20,30

Fa0/7 Trunk



SW2 - - Vlan
10,20,30

Fa0/7 Trunk

Sw1 va Sw2 kommutatorlarda VLAN (10, 20, 30) yaratish va unga mos ravishda nom berilishi (bugalteriya, student, dekanat).

Switch>enable

Switch#conf terminal
Switch(config)#hostname Sw1
Sw1(config)#vlan 10
Sw1(config-vlan)#name bugalteriya Sw1(config-vlan)#exit
Sw1(config)#vlan 20
Sw1(config-vlan)#name student
Sw1(config-vlan)#exit
Sw1(config)#vlan 30
Sw1(config-vlan)#name dekanat
Sw1(config-vlan)#exit

Switch>enable

Switch#conf terminal
Switch(config)#hostname Sw2
Sw2(config)#vlan 10
Sw2(config-vlan)#name bugalteriya Sw2(config-vlan)#exit
Sw2(config)#vlan 20
Sw2(config-vlan)#name student
Sw2(config-vlan)#exit
Sw2(config)#vlan 30
Sw2(config-vlan)#name dekanat
Sw2(config-vlan)#exit

Switch da yaratilgan Vlanlarni ko`rish

Kommutator portlarini Vlan ID larga biriktirish

Sw1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

Sw1(config-if)#switchport mode access Sw1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 Sw1(config-if)#exit
Sw1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/2
Sw1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/3
Sw1(config-if)#switchport mode access Sw1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20 Sw1(config-if)#exit
Sw1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/4
Sw1(config-if)#switchport mode access Sw1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20 Sw1(config-if)#exit
Sw1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/5
Sw1(config-if)#switchport mode access Sw1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 30 Sw1(config-if)#exit
Sw1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/6
Sw1(config-if)#switchport mode access Sw1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 30 Sw1(config-if)#exit

Sw2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

Sw2(config-if)#switchport mode access Sw2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 Sw2(config-if)#exit
Sw2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/2
Sw2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/3
Sw2(config-if)#switchport mode access Sw2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20 Sw2(config-if)#exit
Sw2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/4
Sw2(config-if)#switchport mode access Sw2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20 Sw2(config-if)#exit
Sw2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/5
Sw2(config-if)#switchport mode access Sw2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 30 Sw2(config-if)#exit
Sw2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/6
Sw2(config-if)#switchport mode access Sw2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 30 Sw2(config-if)#exit

Sw1 va Sw2 kommutatorlar o`rtasida trunk rejimini sozlash va magistral liniya bo`yicha aniq VLAN ID ta’yinlash.

Sw1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/7
Sw1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
Sw1(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20,30
Sw1(config-if)#end
Sw1#show running-config

Yuqorida keltirilgan buyruq bitta kommutatorga sozlansa yetarli boladi, sababi 2 chi kommutator 1 chi kommutatorga ulangan interfeysini (fa0/7) avtomatik trank rejimini o`tkazadi