4 semestr 2021-2022 o‘quv yili

 
 
New Zealand
The British colony of New Zealand became an independent dominion in 1907. It supported 
the UK militarily in both World Wars. 
New Zealand is a group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Australia. The 
total territory of New Zealand is 268,680 square kilometers. Its climate is temperate with 
sharp regional contrasts. The landscape of the country is mountainous with some large coastal 
plains. The highest point is Mount Cook 3,764 meters. Natural resources are: natural gas, iron 
ore, sand, coal, timber, gold, limestone. 
The population of New Zealand is about 3,910,000. About 80% of the population live in 
cities. 
English, Maori are both official state languages of the country. 
Talking about natural hazards, I should notice that earthquakes are common, though usually 
not severe and there is a volcanic activity in New Zealand. 
Independence Day is celebrated on September, 26. 
Lesson 
28
New Zealand. Wellington. General facts. 
Listening 
(Listening Extra. Unit 16 p. 100- 101), reading, writing 
activities
. Gr-r: Noun. Wellington. 
Listening (Listening 
Extra. Unit 16 p. 104 - 105), reading, writing activities
. Gr-
r: Adjective. Gradable and Non-gradable Adjectives 
(Scale up. Workbook course 2.)
Amaliy dars mashg'ulotlari
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Government type is parliamentary democracy. Administrative division is the following: 93 
counties, 9 districts, and 3 town districts. 
Legal system is based on the English law, with special land legislation and land courts for 
Maoris. 
Since 6 February 1952 the chief of the state is Queen Elizabeth II, represented by Governor 
General Dame Silvia Cart-wright since 4 April 2001. 
Since 10 December 1999, the Head of the government is Prime Minister Helen Clark and 
Deputy Prime Minister James Anderton. Since 1984 the government has accomplished major 
economic restructuring, transforming New Zealand from an agrarian economy to a more 
industrialized, free market economy that can compete globally. New Zealand is heavily 
dependent on trade — particularly in agricultural products. The main industries are mining, 
food processing, wood and paper products, textiles, machinery, transportation equipment. New 
Zealand's currency is New Zealand dollar. New Zealand is the name of the country that has 
volcanoes, mountains, tropical forests and rivers of ice. New Zealand is an insular country. It 
is made up of two big islands: the North and South Islands and many small islands around. 
The aborigines of New Zealand are the Maoris. They call New Zealand the Land of the 
Long White Cloud. The Maoris are one of the Polynesian nations, who made their great 
journey to New Zealand from Indonesia and the South Pacific in the middle of the 14th 
century. They sailed in double canoes, open to all weathers. They knew the winds, the ocean 
flows and the star navigation that is why they reached this land, later called New Zealand and 
we can call them the Vikings of the Sunrise. Most population of New Zealand lives on the 
North Island. Here you can also find big volcanoes like Egmont and Tonga-riro, geysers and 
lakes of bubbling mud. 
The biggest cities of New Zealand are Auckland, Chris-tchurch and Wellington. Wellington 
is the present capital of New Zealand since 1865, and one of its busiest ports, located at the 
southern end of North Island, lying among hills an the western side of a natural harbour. It is 
the third largest city of New Zealand. Auckland or former capital of New Zealand is the 
largest city of the state. Christchurch is the second largest city. 
South Island is larger than North Island. There are the highest mountains in this part of the 
country. There you can find the snow-capped Southern Alps, rising 3 764 meters to the tip of 
Mount Cook (named after Captain Cook» who visited the islands before sailing westwards and 
discovering the eastern coast of Australia). 
South Island is very beautiful with its mountains, called Alps, lakes, glaciers and fiords. 
Here you can see the Sunder-land Falls, where water drops from the height of six hundred 
meters, making these falls one of the highest waterfalls in the world.The climate is mild at all 
seasons. There is no much difference of temperature between winter and summer. 
Notwithstanding New Zealand is close to Australia, New Zealand does not have such terrible 
heat of Australian summers, because the ocean tempers its climate-North Island is where you 
can find the Maoris, fine people who had lived on these islands hundreds of years before the 
white man came. Most of them live near Auckland. 
The first colonist or settler appeared on the present territory of Wellington in 1840. They 
called their settlement Britannia. 
By the year 1842, there were 3 700 colonists in the settlement of Britannia and later it was 
renamed into Wellington.