4-5 June 2013 Proceedings Science Book Publishing House Yelm, wa, usa

The Strategies

of Modern Science

Development

II International

scientific–practical conference
4-5 June 2013
Proceedings


Science Book Publishing House

Yelm, WA, USA

2013

Scientific Publishing Center "Discovery"

otkritieinfo.ru

The Strategies of Modern Science Development: Proceedings of the II International scientific–practical conference (Yelm, WA, USA, 4-5 June 2013). - Yelm, WA, USA: Science Book Publishing House, 2013. - 156 p.

The materials of the conference have presented the results of the latest research in various fields of science: information technology and engineering, biological sciences, philology, economics and jurisprudence, educational sciences end art criticism, social sciences. The collection is of interest to researchers, graduate students, doctoral candidates, teachers, students - for anyone interested in the latest trends of the world of science.

ISBN 978-1-62174-025-4

O Authors, 2013

O Scientific Publishing

Center "Discovery", 2013

section 1. Information Technology

The specialized web-catalog of observations

of thunderstorm activity

on planets of the solar system

B. N. Tkachev^1,2, V. V. Zaharenko², K. Y. Мilostnaya<sup>2

1</sup> Kharkov National University of Radio Electronics, Kharkiv, Ukraine, vitalii.tkachov @ kture.kharkov.ua;

² Institute of Radio Astronomy of the National Academy of Sciences

of Ukraine, Kharkov, Ukraine [e-mail]
Qualitative images of lightning outside the Earth were received in August 2009 on the planet Saturn. This phenomenon has been registered by the Cassini spacecraft during the storm, which lasted from January to October and was the longest storm in the solar system. However, the first observations were made as early as 2004 [1].

When it became known that the next storm began on Saturn in 2006, the observations were made on Saturn Decameter Ukrainian UTR-2 telescope, the largest and most advanced tool in the world decameter wavelength range, in order to record lightning. The first success has given a hope for the prolonged intensive research [1, 2].

2007 data obtained from the UTR-2, showed that the observations (primarily due to the specific receiving equipment) have a number of advantages for the observations of lightning on Saturn. In addition, since 2011 the goals of observations at UTR-2 are Uranus and Venus [1, 2].

In 2013, when the results of the observations have accumulated more than 2 million, it was decided to develop a systematizing the data directory of lightning. It is important to note that these directories have not been done before.

WEB-catalog format was chosen based on the requirements of mobility, simplicity and convenience. Web-site directory is implemented as a dynamic web-service. Php- an js-​​scripts, MySQL-database, FTP-server are used in its work. The development of a specialized module to automatically add information without human intervention is in the long term. It is assumed that in this case it will be enough to put a task management system radio telescope on the observation at the right time and the right place, and the results will be automatically added to the catalog, or wait for a decision by the operator.

The data storage system (the header file, the data file and images) is implemented as a distributed FTP-server, which is located on a compute cluster of RI National Academy of Sciences. [3] Recordings are stored on objects in the database on the database server.

It is important to note that the UTR-2 is the only terrestrial radio telescope that can capture such objects, it is going to be organized a control system of information-analytical system on the basis of the catalog and telescope. This will allow other researchers (from abroad) to take part in joint scientific studies and observations of lightning on the planets of the solar system, and possibly extrasolar planets.

The web-site catalog (Fig. 1) also provides information on the directory itself, the search mechanism in the catalog, conversion tools in the Gregorian Julian Day, the statistics on the planets, the publication of the working groups and contacts.

Output table contains information on objects such columns:

- The name of the planet;

- The file header data monitoring and recording facility;

- Julian Day;

- Temporal resolution;

- The frequency, where the observations were conducted;

- A reference to the file observational data and its size;

- The type and mode of operation of the receiver-recorder;

- Visualize the results of observation;

- Date data is added to the catalog.

The organization of work of the "Catalogue of EDC» is shown in Fig. 2. It displays basic requests and responses that occur in the system at this stage.

The directory structure on the FTP-server is based on the key, which is the Julian day. Regarding his data is sorted on the server storage.

Thus, the world's first directory of lightning on the planets of the solar system is being implemented and used. Internet Address: http://rian.kharkov.ua/decameter/EDC.

Bibliography

1. A.A. Konovalenko, N.N. Kalinichenko, H.O. Rucker, A. Lecacheux, G. Fischer, P. Zarka, V.V. Zakharenko, K.Y. Mylostna et al. Earliest recorded ground-based decameter wavelength observations of Saturn’s lightning during the giant E-storm detected by Cassini spacecraft in early 2006. // Icarus - 2013 - Vol. 224 -№ 1. - P. 14–23

2. Zakharenko V., Mylostna K., Fischer G., Konovalenko A., Zarka P., Grie?meier J.-M., Ryabov B., Vavriv D., Ryabov V., Rucker H., Ravier P., Sidorchuk M., Cecconi B., Coffre A., Denis L., Fabrice C., Kozhyn R., Mukha D., Pallier L., Schneider J., Shevchenko V., Vinogradov V., Weber R., Nikolaenko V.S. Identification of Saturn Lightnings Recoeded by the UTR-2 Radio Telescope and Cassini Spacecraft// Radiofizika i Radioastronomia.-2010. - Vol.15, No 4. –c.361-368.

3. Tkachov V.M., Kulishenko S. F. The use of grid technology in the processing of radio astronomy data / Proceedings of the 16th International Youth Forum "Radio electronics and youth in the XXI Century" (Section "Modern information systems and technology in the management of enterprises and organizations"), 17-19 April, 2012. – Kharkiv: KhNURE. – P. 122-123.

section 2. Biological sciences

NECROBIONT COLEOPTERA (FAMILY SILPHIDAE)

OF BIYSK CITY SURROUNDINGS

E. A. Eremeev

The Shukshin Altai State Academy of Education, Altai region,

Biysk, Russia, [e-mail]
In 2009-2011 years in the Altai State Academy of Education conducted the study of fauna of necrobiont Coleoptera of different parts and surroundings of Biysk City. These are pine forest near the confluence of rivers Biya and Katun (2009), a northern suburb that located in the Biya-Chumysh upland (2010-2011) and the pine forest in the west, industrial part of the city (2011).

The group of necrobiont Coleoptera consists of different families (Silphidae, Histeridae, Dermestidae, Staphylinidae) is an integral part of herpetobiont complex and represented almost in all types of terrestrial communities. Mentioned insects play an important role in transformation of matter and energy and in destruction of dead plants and wildlife. Besides this, they are sensitive to changes of different components of the environment that allows using them as bioindicators, as well as in ecological monitoring in the construction of ecological models [1, 2].

On the basis of the collected materials were found 15 species belonging to 5 genera:

Family Silphidae

Subfamily Silphinae

1. 
   Phosphuga artrata (Linnaeus, 1758)
   
2. 
   Silpha carinata (Herbst, 1783)
   
3. 
   Silpha obscura (Linnaeus, 1758)
   
4. 
   Thanatophilius sinuatus (Fabricius, 1750)
   
5. 
   Thanatophilius rugosus (Linnaeus, 1758)
   
6. 
   Thanatophilius latericarinatus (Motchulsky, 1860)
   
7. 
   Oiceoptoma thoracicum (Linnaeus, 1758)
   

Subfamily Nicrophorinae

8. 
   Nicrophorus antennatus (Reitter. 1885)
   
9. 
   Nicrophorus investigator (Zetterstedt, 1824)
   
10. 
    Nicrophorus vespillo (Linnaeus, 1758)
    
11. 
    Nicrophorus vespilloides (Herbst, 1783)
    
12. 
    Nicrophorus fossor (Erichson, 1837)
    
13. 
    Nicrophorus vestigator (Hershel, 1807)
    
14. 
    Nicrophorus sepultor (Charpentier, 1825)
    
15. 
    Nicrophorus morio (Gebler, 1817)
    

During the work we were failed to reveal the clear preference of family Silphidae for any kind of bait (the remains of poikilothermic or homoeothermic animals). The subfamily Silphinae was the most numerous in collections (77,12% of total number of Coleoptera), among the species that dominated in all surveyed habitats were S. obscura and S. carinata (which are often found in urban areas). Especially noticeable is the dominance of S. carinata. This is the fact proving that this species has the greatest ecological flexibility and less sensitive to anthropogenic pressure on the territory. However in the other parts of its natural habitats it can be an extremely rare species. The more common Nicrophorinae were N. investigator and N. vespillo.

Taking into account the extent of human influence on the communities we can conclude that faunistically more rich are the complexes of necrophilous Coleoptera of the areas with less transformed natural conditions (outskirts). In the damaged and anthropogenic habitats we can observe a depletion of species composition and decreasing of numbers of dominant orders.

References

1. 
   Еремеев, Е.А., Плюта Н.Ю. Некрофильные жесткокрылые в структуре городских сообществ // Материалы XV международной экологической студенческой конференции. – Новосибирск: 2010. С. 81.
   
2. 
   Еремеев Е.А., Псарев А.М. Материалы к изучению экологии жуков-мертвоедов (Coleoptera: Silphidae) на антропогенно трансформированных территориях // Труды IX российско-монгольской научной конференции молодых ученых и студентов. – Бийск: 2010. С. 78.
   

INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE

ON THE CONTENT OF BLOOD UREA FOOTBALLERS

Shokhrukh S. og’li Erkinov, Sayyora S. Shukurova,

Bernara N. Babajanova

The Uzbek State institute of physical culture. Tashkent, Uzbekistan, [e-mail]
In order to ensure a high level of athlete need knowledge, correct interpretation of the results of various surveys of the biochemical parameters of blood urea in particular.

Aware that intense or prolonged muscle activity leads to an increase in urea in the blood. Based on this definition of urea in the blood of athletes for endurance training loads.

The concentration of urea in the blood depends not only on the nature of the physical work, but also from a number of other reasons: the content of protein in the diet and changes in diuresis. Of the pathological conditions of the body, causing an increase in its concentration to point out the violation excretory functions of the kidneys. In case of increased decay of tissue proteins, excessive intake of amino acids in the liver in the process of binding toxic to the human body of ammonia (NH3) is synthesized nitrogen-containing non-toxic substance - urea. From the liver enters the blood urea and excreted in the urine. The concentration of urea in the blood normally, each adult individual. It can grow in a significant flow of proteins from food, if any excretory functions of the kidneys, and after a long physical work by increasing katabolizm proteins. In the practice of sport, this figure is widely used in assessing the tolerability of athlete training and emulative exertion of physical training and recovery processes of the body. To obtain objective information urea concentration is determined on the day after a workout in the morning on an empty stomach. If the executed physical activity comparable to the features of an organism and happened relatively rapid recovery of metabolism, the content of urea in the blood prandial morning is back to normal. Связано это с уравновешиванием скорости синтеза и распада белков в тканях организма, что свидетельствует о его восстановлении. Если содержание мочевины на следующее утро остается выше нормы, то это свидетельствует о утомления организма либо развитии его утомления. It is connected with balancing speed of synthesis and breakdown of proteins in the tissues of the body, indicating that his recovery. If urea content the next morning remains above normal, this is evidence of fatigue of the body or the development of his fatigue.

The results and methods of research.

Experimental research of the team of specialists held football-Honeys (the Republic of Uzbekistan of FC Pakhtakor). Determined the content of urea in the blood of football players in one age group (18-20 years old) during the 5 days alone on an empty stomach and after physical exertion. Urea in the blood biochemical indices of persons not involved in sport, is 3, 5mmol′/l. We have studied a group of athletes determined experimentally the upper bound of urea, which is 6.7 mmol/l change your morning blood urea in sportsmen we have identified 3 types of reaction to physical activity (table 1).

Table 1

Dynamics of urea in the blood of footballers in post training period

Persons control group	The concentration of mmol/l
	prior to load	After load
1 type of load average
1	6,0	6,4
2	5,8	6,2
3	5,8	6,0
4	5,7	6,3
2 high load type
1	5,5	6,9
2	5,7	6,7
3	5,3	4,8
4	5,3	4,4
3 the type of highly intensive workload
1	5,8	8,0
2	5,5	7,3
3	5,6	8,1
4	5,8	8,6

In type 1 reactions characterized by a direct correlation between the dynamic content of urea and physical activity. Most content of urea in the blood, usually no more than 5 consecutive days during the medium group norms (6, 4mmol′/l). A direct correlation between the content and the level of activity indicates a balance between anabolic and catabolic processes, as well as shows that matched load range of functionality.

In type 2 response relationship between the dynamics of urea and loads broken. A further increase in load leads to a paradoxical decrease in the level of urea, sometimes below the initial level. This decrease should be considered as incomplete recovery. So players is difficult to perform high-speed load. They noted poor general health, reduced body tone and feel fatigue.

In type 3 the reaction is not observed any dependence between the load and decreasing urea content. The level of urea for 5 days usually much higher than the average standard rate. This type of reaction is released in cases of high stress loads of character.

After the "intense" effects on the level of urea tends a further increase, regardless of the level of our advise loads. (Table 1).

Determination of urea, after intensive training days allows you to evaluate individual response of an organism to specific training load (table 2).

As can be seen from table 2, the three athletes (3, 4, 5), the level of urea in the blood gradually increases throughout the "intensive" training days and returned to normal after 1 day of rest. Such dynamics of urea is indicative of the effectiveness of training loads on the body. And one group of players (No.6) declining to a greater or lesser extent, after the third urea concentration of intensive training day, compared to 2 in the afternoon.

Table 2

Dynamics of urea (mm) in the blood of football players

during the training cycle

Examinees athletes	Before the "intensive" training days	After "intense" workouts			After a day of rest
		I	II	III
1	6,0	7,8	8,7	9,5	8,3
2	5,8	7,2	8,0	8,3	5,5
3	5,8	6,2	7,7	8,3	6,0
4	4,7	7,0	7,3	8,0	5,7
5	5,5	6,8	8,7	8,5	6,3
6	5,7	6,3	8,3	7,7	5,5
7	5,3	6,7	9,3	8,0	5,3
8	5,5	7,5	7,3	7,3	7,3

This points to a more rapid adaptation of metabolic processes in these athletes and reduce the effect of "intense" workouts at the 3-day. The continued high level of urea (8.3 mm) the athlete (table 1) after 1 day of rest, an indicator of declining metabolic and indicates that the load for this athlete was excessively high. Unusual reaction of the organism at enhancement burden is the athlete's no. 8-the concentration of urea in the blood remains equally high on day 2 (urea content of 5.5 mm). These data suggest that the recovery slowed the athlete.

Dynamics of morning blood urea in sportsmen varies considerably in the preparatory and competition periods of training cycle.

Table 3

Dynamics of urea (мМ) in the blood of footballers in the typical cycle of preparatory and competitive periods (Мм)

Days	Periods
	the preparatory	competitive
1-й	6,91,5	6,71,2
2-й	7,21,6	5,81,5
3-й	7,51,8	7,31,8
4-й	6,81,4	6,71,2
5-й	7,31,3	7,01,3
6-й	7,21,4	6,51.5
7-й	5,81,5	4,31,6

The morning after the urea cycle training (7 days) in the preparatory period is higher than the competition (table 3). This fact is related to the larger volume of work in the preparatory period than during the competition. This leads to increased catabolic processes, resulting in increased synthesis and accumulation of urea in the blood.

It should be noted that the observed increase in the level of urea in the preparatory period is not of concern is an indication of training effect at a time when the general framework created stamina. The systematic definition of a morning of urea in the blood is especially important during the stages of preparation. During this period, raising the level of urea in the blood, continued for several days microcycle, is highly undesirable. Increasing fatigue may lead to a decrease in athletic performance during competition.

For a more complete recovery dynamics individual characteristics of metabolic processes, it would seem appropriate not to limit the definition of morning blood urea concentrations at rest and explore her level in different terms: after the training through 1.5 and 5 h, and the next morning. (table 4)

Table 4