2. Write about the approaches to teach grammar

23.write about word stress.??
Word stress is like a golden key to speaking and understanding English. – if you do not already know about word stress, you can try to learn about it. This is one of the best ways for you to understand spoken especially English spoken fast.

24 What is the difference between inductive and deductive approach

The main difference between inductive and deductive reasoning is that inductive reasoning aims at developing a theory while deductive reasoning aims at testing an existing theory.Deductive - students learn grammar rule .use ruleInductive -use grammar rule learn rule Deductive-gets straigh to the point and can therefore be time savingInductive-the time and energy spent in working out rules may mislead students into believing that rules are the objective of language learning rather than a means Inductive- Rules learners discover for themselves are more likely to fit their existing mental
structures than rules they have been presented with. This in turn will make the rules more meaningful, memorable, and serviceable. Deductive- Explanation is seldom as memorable as other forms of presentation, such as
demonstration. Such an approach encourages the belief that learning a language is simply a case of knowing the rules.
25.Write about teaching vocabulary in context. What are context clues?
Why is it important to teach vocabulary? A reader's vocabulary for a topic is the building blocks they will use to build further knowledge in the area.. Vocabulary teaching ■directly improves their ability to read words accurately. ■directly improves their ability to understand what they are reading.. ■helps them use what they know about some words to read and understand other words. ■helps them show what they know. ■helps them learn more about the topic you are teaching. Why teach vocabulary? It helps students to ■read words accurately ■ understand what they are reading use what they know about some words to understand other words ■ better show what they know about the topic ■learn more about the topic they are learning. 5 Types of Context Clues 1. Definition Clues The word's meaning is explained in the sentence. 2. Example Clues An example of the word is given following the sentence or within the sentence. 3. Inference Clues A word's definition is not explained. You need to look for clues before or after the sentences. 4. Synonym Clues Other words are used in the sentence that have similar meaning. 5. Antonym Clues The word is clarified by giving the opposite meaning. Signaled by words: whereas, unlike, as apposed to.
26.What is learning a word?
In linguistics, a word of a spoken language can be defined as the smallest sequence of phonemes that can be uttered in isolation with objective or practical meaning. For many languages, words also correspond to sequences of graphemes ("letters") in their standard writing systems that are delimited by spaces wider than the normal inter-letter space, or by other graphical conventions. The concept of "word" is usually distinguished from that of a morpheme, which is the smallest unit of speech which has a meaning, even if it will not stand on its own.
27. How do you teach grammar in context
Teaching grammar in context involves making connections between grammatical patterns and the meaning of texts; wider contextual aspects such as genre, audience, subject and purpose; a reader's feelings and responses to a text; potential authorial motivations for making decisions about language choices.
28.Write about the importance of pronunciation
The Importance of Pronunciation It is a recognised scientific fact that a child born in any country of the world can learn to speak any language of our planet. For example, a child from Poland has come to live in the USA at an early age. He or she will speak perfect English and have no Polish accent. And of course, such children will perfectly understand everything they hear, and other English speakers understand them. Pronunciation and clear understanding of English speech are two skills which complement each other. It means that, if you know how to pronounce the words and phrases correctly, with proper intonation, your level of speech understanding is also increased.
29. Write about assessing vocabulary tasks.
Assessment of vocabulary is critical for identifying children at risk for reading problems and for designing appropriate instruction. The use of oral measures is essential. Tests that require reading or writing make it impossible to differentiate other problems children may have, such as difficulties in word decoding or spelling, from lack of vocabulary knowledge. Children with suspected learning disabilities should be individually assessed on measures that include both receptive and expressive oral vocabulary. Receptive vocabulary involves understanding of spoken words, for instance, asking a child to point to a picture that represents a word spoken by the examiner. Expressive vocabulary involves using or naming a word, as when the examiner shows a picture to a child and asks the child to name it. Although the relationship of receptive vocabulary to reading comprehension seems obvious, expressive vocabulary appears to be an even stronger predictor of beginning reading achievement than is receptive vocabulary. Therefore, both areas should be included in a comprehensive assessment
30.write activities for teaching intonation
Intonation is a language universal, there are no languages which spoken without any change of intonation. The role and functions of intonation get various interpretations in different linguistic schools. Intonation is a phonetic phenomenon generally studied within the following language aspects: acoustic, auditory and functional.
1. Intonation: approaches, definitions, functionsIntonation is a language universal. There are no languages which are spoken without any change of prosodic parameters but intonation functions in various languages in a different way.There are two main approaches to the problem of intonation in Great Britain. One is known as acontour analysis and the other may be called grammatical.When teaching intonation, it’s best to use ESL activities that are fun and e hi smallest unit to which linguistic meaning can beattached is a tone-group