2 Халқаро илмий-амалий конференция материаллари. Педагогик инновациялар, касб-ҳунар таълими бошқарув ҳамда педагог кадрларни қайта тайёрлаш ва уларни малакасини ошириш институти, 2020 йил, 424 бет

Public-private joint ventures - 
the establishment of a joint venture between the public and private 
sectors in a corporate form, a partnership for a specific purpose (based on a profit-sharing agreement 
between partners) - do not create a separate legal entity, but each partner has full legal responsibility for the 
project. 
A consortium agreement between the parties to work together on a specific project. Each party is 
charged for the specific services it provides to the consortium, and no separate legal entity is created
. 
Full privatization - 
complete disposal, often known as privatization, occurs when the government 
transfers all rights and interests in the assets of a service enterprise or in the service sector itself to the private 
sector. 
A liquidated or privatized public service differs from a private commercial enterprise in that the 
government retains coordination mechanisms in the form of indirect control of the privatized service or the 
issuance of a license that guarantees the enterprise public service. 
In contrast to full privatization, partial privatization and joint venture agreements between the public 
and private sectors retain significant government interests. [9]. 
According to the European Commission, “there is a growing awareness that public-private 
partnership (PPP) agreements can be used as a complementary and complementary tool for infrastructure and 
services in a wide range of sectors, from environmental protection to health care and education. PPP offers a 
number of recognized benefits for public sector use. It includes maximizing the operational efficiency of the 
private sector, such as attracting additional funding in times of budget deficit, cost savings and improving 
quality for the population, as well as the ability to accelerate infrastructure development. ”According to 
Investopedia, the term “public-private partnership” refers to a “business relationship between private sector 
companies and public institutions aimed at completing a project that serves the community. and can be used 
in operational activities. Public-private partnership financing allows projects to be completed early or 
implemented in the first place. ” 
In our view, PPP is the sharing or distribution of risks and obligations on the basis of an agreement 
on mutually beneficial, long-term cooperation between public and private partners. 
Our research shows that 
In our country, there are a number of advantages of PPP, including: accelerating the provision of 
infrastructure; faster implementation of projects; reduce overall project costs; better distribution of risk; 
better incentives for implementation; increase in the quality of services provided; formation of additional 
income; expansion of public administration; 

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however, there are also risks and barriers to the formation of the SSC, which include: a complex 
structure and set of documents; it takes a long time to organize; high initial costs; requires more intervention 
by senior managers; the importance of project selection; difficult resolution in case of non-fulfillment of 
obligations; the need for a legislative framework. 
Funding and other incentives that can be provided by the state: 
a) tax incentives for business; 
b) Providing subsidies and subventions from the state budget to businesses for the implementation of 
educational projects under the PPP. As a subsidy, budget funds are provided to a legal entity on the condition 
of contributing to the financing of targeted expenditures, and as subsidies, budget funds are provided to a 
legal entity on the condition of non-return for the implementation of certain target expenditures; 
c) the share of property in the legal entity created in the form of PPP; 
g) budget loans (budget loan - a form of financing budget expenditures, funds provided to legal 
entities or other budgets on terms of repayment and reimbursement); 
d) state guarantees (a written guarantee given by the state to a legal entity in the form of PPP on full 
fulfillment of obligations to a third party); 
e) investment tax credit (investment tax credit allows a legal entity in the form of PPP to extend and 
reduce the amount of tax payment (in particular, research, innovation), provided that it provides sufficient 
grounds for subsequent gradual repayment of the loan and interest implementation, in connection with the 
provision of educational services on an order basis); 
j) reduction of interest rates on loans issued by commercial banks to PPP participants in the field of 
education; 
h) reduction of land and property taxes, rent rates for commercial organizations that are participants 
in the PPP in the field of education; 
i) Facilitate the marketing of the results obtained as a result of the implementation of the PPP project, 
providing access to preferential advertising services for PPP participants.