2- mavzu: Iqtisodiy bazis tushunchalari Iqtisodiy extiyoj tushunchasi. I

CHekli transformasiya koeffisienti oila bir tovardan qo`shimcha bir birlik ishlab chiqarish uchun ikkinchi tovardan qancha hajmda ishlab chiqarishdan voz kechish kerakligini bildiradi. Demak, oila 10 litr vino ishlab chiqarishga sarflaydigan bir ish kunini savat to`qishga sarflasa, u 20 dona ortiqcha savat ishlab chiqarigan bo`ladi.
Robert L.Sexton “Exploring Economics”¹

Part I Chapter II

2.4 Incentives Matter
In acting rationally, people are responding to incentives. That is, they react to changes in expected marginal benefits and expected marginal costs. In fact, much of human behavior can be explained and predicted as a response to incentives.

Almost all of economics can be reduced to incentive [E(MB) versus E(MC)] stories, where consumers and producers are driven by incentives that affect expected costs or benefits.