1-variant 1The subject matters of Lexicology

2.Motivation and its different types. The meaning of a word may be realized by its structure. A direct connection between the structural pattern of the word and its meaning is called the motivation of a word.Motivation may be morphological, phonetical and semantic.The relationship between morphemic structure and meaning is called morphological motivation. From this point of view the words may be motivated and non-motivated. Ex. sing, tell, eat, open, read, go are non-motivated words because each of them have simple stem and morpheme. If we can see a direct connection between the structural pattern of the word and its meaning we say that this word is motivated.So  in  most  cases  the  derived  and  compound  words  are  motivated  and simple words are non-motivated. Ex. eatable, readable, reader, doll-faced, singer are motivated but eat, read doll, sing are non-motivated: ring, finger are non-motivated but finger-ring is motivated. The words may be partially motivated. Ex. “cranberry” is partially motivated because the morpheme “cran” has no meaning.If we see the connection between the phonetic structure of a word and its meaning we say that the word is phonetically motivated. Ex. cuckoo, boom, cock-a doodle-doo, bow-wow, mew-mew, etc.