1. Linuxga kirish

4.sudo gpasswd -a Utkir sudo (guruhga qo’shish)
5.sudo gpasswd -d Utkir sudo (guruhni o’chirish)
User bog’langan gruppalarni ko’rish
>id
Shellni o’zgartirish
1.>sudo chsh -s /bin/bash(sh,ksh,fish)
>cat /etc/shells (qanaqa shellar borlgini ko’rish)
Parolni o’zgartirish
>passwd (o’zimizni parolni o’zgartirish)
>sudo passwd (boshqa userni parolini o’zgartirish)
14-lesson.


15-lesson.Fayllar va kataloglarga ruxsatni boshqarish.
Chmod, chown, chgrp
1.>ls -l (permissionlarni ko’rish)
2.fayl va direktoriya belgilari,user,group,otherni tushuntirish
3.Dostuplarni tushuntirish
4.>./Utkir (amalga oshirtirish belgisi)
Permission beradigan komandalar

u	+	x
g	-	R
u	=	Rw
ug	=	Rw

Utkir.txt

1.sudo chmod
2.>sudo chmod ug=rw, o=rwx file1
3.>nano linux_permission
#! /bin/sh
Echo “hello world”
>sudo chmod u+x linux_permission
>ls -lh linux_permission
>./linux_permission
>sudo chmod -R ugo+r dir (recursive) (barcha narsaga bir xil dustup berish)
Raqamlar orqali ruxsat berish
1.r=4;
W=2;
X=1
>sudo chmod 775 file
Chown-change owner
1.sudo chown asqar linux_permission
>ls -l linux_permission
Chown -change owner
1.>sudo chgrp root linux_permission
>cat /etc/group
User va guruh egani o’zgartirish
1.sudo chown Asqar:Utkir linux_permission
Linuxda ruxsatlada muhimlik darajasi chapdan keladi

16-lesson.RAID
Raid 0,1,5,6,10 haqida nazariy qism
2 xil RAID ni tushuntirish
1.Hardware raid
2.Software raid
12-lesson.Virtualboxda Debianni RAID orqali ustanovka qilish.
1.MBR and GPT
File system haqida tushuntirish
Raidni statusini ko’rish va grub install qilish
1.>cat /proc/mdstat (statusini ko’rish)
2.>dpkg-reconfigure grup-pc

17-lesson. Centosda ustanovka jarayoni
1.>cat /proc/mdstat
>sudo dpkg-reconfigure grub-pc (ubuntu oilasida grub o’rnatish)
2.>cat /proc/mdstat
>ls /dev/sd*
>grub2-install /dev/sdb (Bootni sdbga o’rnatish)
18-lesson.Haqiqiy serverda RAID nastroyka qilish va ubuntu o.t.ni o’rnatish
>df -h (diskni sistemaga ajratgan hajmi)
>cat /proc/mdstat
>ls /dev/sd*
>fdisk -l (MBR yoki GPT ligini ko’rish)

19-lesson.RAIDni ustanovkadan keyin CLI orqali boshqarish
1.mdadm (multiple device admin) ko’p qurilmali boshqarish)
>sudo apt install mdadm
>sudo mdadm -Cv -l1 -n2 /dev/md0 /dev/sda /dev/sdb
>sudo mdadm –create - - level=1 - - raid-devices=2 /dev/md0 /dev/sda /dev/sdb
>cat /proc/mdstat (natijani ko’ramiz)
>sudo update-initramfs -u (rebootdan keyin mdlar raqami o’zgarmaydi)
2.CLI orqali disklarni birini olib turamiz
>sudo mdadm –fail /dev/md1 /dev/md5 /dev/sdc
>cat /proc/mdstat
>sudo mdadm - - remove /dev/md5 /dev/sdc
>cat /proc/mdstat