1: Introduction to Country Study – Great Britain

3. Population and Major Cities
The United Kingdom has a population of 67,508,648 (2022 estimate), with an average population density of 246 persons per sq. km. (638 per sq. mi.). The population density of the United Kingdom is one of the highest in the world, exceeding most Asian and European nations. The English, the Scots, the Welsh and the Irish who constitute the British nation inhabit the UK.
England is the most populated part of the United Kingdom, with 55,997, million people (2022), which means more than four-fifths of the United Kingdom's population, resides in England. It is also the most densely populated portion of the United Kingdom, with a population density of 380 persons per sq.km. (983 per sq. mi) Scotland possesses 5,51,011 million people, and a population density of 65 people's per sq. km. (168 per sq mi). Wales has 3,19,085 million people, with a population density of 141 persons per sq. km. (366 per sq mi). Northern Ireland's population is 1,91, million and it has 119 persons per sq. km. (309 per sq. mi.).
Britain is a multicultural society; it is made up of people from many different racial and cultural backgrounds. The biggest group in society is often called the mainstream. In Britain the mainstream is the white population from England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland. These mainstream groups are of mixed origin, but consist entirely of white people. Other racial or cultural groups that are present in smaller numbers are often called ethnic minorities. In Britain ethnic minorities include the families of former immigrants from South Asia and the Caribbean, as well as people from China, Italy and many other countries
About nine-tenths of the people live in cities and towns. About 35 percent of the urban residents live in England's seven metropolitan areas. Greater London, the largest metropolitan area, has about 6 million people, which is about 10 percent of Britain's total population. The six other metropolitan areas are as follows, with the largest city of each area shown in parentheses: Greater Manchester (Manchester), Merseyside (Liverpool), South Yorkshire (Sheffield), Tyne and Wear (Newcastle upon Tyne), West Midlands (Birmingham), and West Yorkshire (Leeds). About 48 million people, or more than four-fifths of the population, live in England. London and England as whole have great influence over the rest of the United Kingdom because of their large populations.

Ethnic minorities	Population	% of total*
White	&0000000054153898.00000054,153,898	92.1%
Black	&0000000001148738.0000001,148,738	2.0%
Mixed race	&0000000000677117.000000677,117	1.2%
Indian	&0000000001053411.0000001,053,411	1.8%
Pakistani	&0000000000747285.000000747,285	1.3%
Bangladeshi	&0000000000283063.000000283,063	0.5%
Other South Asian	&0000000000247644.000000247,644	0.4%
Chinese	&0000000000247403.000000247,403	0.4%
Other (inc. East Asian, Arab, Oceanic, Latin American)	&0000000000230615.000000230,615	0.4%

The largest cities of Great Britain are London, Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool, Bristol, Leeds, and Cardiff, Manchester, Sheffield, and Edinburgh. The most important ports are: London, Liverpool, Southampton, Belfast, Glasgow and Cardiff.
The capitals are: London in England, Edinburgh in Scotland, Cardiff in Wales and Belfast in Northern Ireland.
England is the largest, most populace, and wealthiest division of the United Kingdom. It makes up 130,410 sq km (50,352 sq mi) of the United Kingdom's total 244,110 sq km (94,251 sq mi). The area of Scotland is 78,790 sq km (30,420 sq mi), the area of Wales is 20,760 sq km (8,020 sq mi), and the area of Northern Ireland is 14,160 sq km (5,470 sq mi). This means that England makes up 53.4 percent of the area of the United Kingdom, Scotland 32.3 percent, Wales 8.5 percent, and Northern Ireland 5.8 percent.
The United Kingdom contains a number of small islands. These include the Isle of Wight, which lies off England's southern coast; Anglesey in the northwest coast of Wales; the Isles of Scaly in the English Channel; the Hebrides archipelago to the west of Scotland, consisting of the Inner and the Outer Hebrides; the Orkney Islands to the northeast of Scotland; and the Shetland Islands farther out into the North Sea from Scotland.