1. Answer: creativity

10. Answer: TRUE
Explain The way a child plays may provide information about possible medical problems  Key words: plays, information, medical problems
– Find the paragraph beginning: “Gibson adds…” This is about the way that children play or, in other words, “playful behaviour”. We are told that this can indicate the healthy social and emotional development of children. Observing how children play “can give us important clues (= provide information) about their well-being and can even be useful in the diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders like autism”. Autism is an example of a medical problem. Therefore, a child‟s behaviour during play may give information to help identify medical problems.
11. Answer: NOT GIVEN
Explain Playing with dolls was found to benefit girls’ writing more than boys’ writing
– Key words: dolls, benefit, writing
– Find the paragraph beginning: “Whitebread‟s recent research…” This is about using play to support children‟s writing, because “Children wrote longer and better-structured stories when they first played with dolls representing characters in the story”. So, playing with dolls benefits the writing of children in general, but we are not told if this benefits girls more than boys.
12. Answer: FALSE
Explain Children have problems thinking up ideas when they first created the story with Lego
– Key words: problems, ideas, create story, Lego
– In the same paragraph, we find the key words: “In the latest study, children first created their story with Lego with similar results. Many teachers commented that they had always previously had children saying they didn‟t know what to write about. With the Lego building, however, not a single child said this….” So, using Lego to think up ideas (= create their story), children then had no problems with ideas for their stories.
13. Answer: TRUE
Explain People nowadays regard children’s play as less significant than they did in the past
– Key words: play, regard, less significant, past
– We find the answer in the last paragraph: “Somehow the importance of play has been lost in recent decades. It‟s regarded as something trivial, or even as something negative that contrasts with „work‟ “. In recent decades, attitudes to play have, therefore, changed. It is now considered to be something unimportant or even negative. In contrast, people in the past thought that it was more important.