The Aral Sea: the tragedy of the drying sea

The Aral Sea: the tragedy of the drying sea

The Aral Sea... Today, the name of the lake is related with the environmental disaster. But how did it look 60 years ago? The Aral Sea is located on the border between Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. Prior to the shallowing, the Aral Sea was the fourth largest lake in the world. It had ports, fish plants and fishing boats floated on the Aral Sea. Up to the 80es of the 20th century it was inhabited by 34 species of fish, 20 of which had marketable value. During its history the Aral Sea has shrunk out several times as evidenced by the numerous remains of flora and fauna found in the dried bed of the Aral Sea. Various expeditions to the study of the Aral Sea were carried out. Scientists suppose that in the middle of the Cenozoic Era (21 million years ago) the Aral Sea was connected to the Caspian Sea, but then the rivers dried up, separating two seas apart.

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The first studies of the Aral Sea were conducted by the Russian expedition of A. Butakov in 1849; a year later the Hydrographic Department of the Marine Department of the Russian Empire published the first map of the Aral Sea. And three years later the first steamer set sail in the Aral Sea. The industrial fishing in the Aral Sea was started by well-known Russian merchants Lapshin, Ritkin, Krasilnikov, Makeev, who organized large fishing unions later. In the 1950s, the Aral Sea took about 68 thousand km²; it had the length of 426 km, the width of 284 km and the maximum depth of 68 m. The Aral Sea began to shallow in the 60s, when the water from rivers flowing into the sea was taken to the irrigation works. In 1989, the Aral Sea separated into two isolated reservoirs: the Small Aral Sea in Kazakhstan and the Large Aral Sea in Uzbekistan.

By the early 2000s, the absolute water level in the sea went down to 31 m, which is 22 m lower than the initial level recorded in the late 1950s. In 2001, the South (Large) Aral Sea was divided into western and eastern parts. In 2003, the surface area of the Aral Sea was about a quarter of the original, and the volume of sea water was about 10%. Today, instead of the former deep sea, there is a new sand and saline Aralkum desert with the total area of 38 000 km².

2. Internet is a world-wide network of computerized devices and servers. Data travels to and fro among computer systems and servers.

Around three billion people around the world are using internet. The countries with largest number of internet users includes China, United States, and India.The organization that provides the internet facility to users is called Internet Service Provider (ISP). They normally charge a usage based fees from the customers

Advantage

There are many advantages of internet.

We can make donations online.

We can send and receive information across large matrix of computer systems. Through email service, we can send messages for both business and personal purposes.

Internet has opened doors for virtual online offices.

During the festive season, we don’t need to visit crowed stores to buy our stuff. We can make online purchases at a bargain price.

We can send birthday greeting cards through the internet.

Before making any purchases, we can check online for user reviews of the products that we intend to buy.

We can use social media applications on our personal computer and mobile devices. In this way, we can reconnect to our old school friends.

We can gather information for new job openings. We can also apply online for jobs.

We can earn online by doing freelancing jobs, selling online, completing surveys, affiliate marketing, etc.

We can also sell old items that are of no use for us.

During idle time, we can listen to music or watch a video.

We can browse internet for information and use it as supplementary source of knowledge to aid our formal education.

We can join online courses and develop our skills.

We an improve our health by reading articles on health topics, or watching videos on stretching exercises

Disadvantages

The disadvantages of internet are:

We often tend to purchase those extra items that we rarely need. Such purchases are a wastage of money.

The internet is not free. Sometimes, it hurts while paying bills.

There are hundreds of vendors selling products of various brands. We get confused with too many choices.

The transaction cost levied by the payment gateway providers decreases the margin of the online sellers.

Too many contradictory review leads us nowhere.

The physical distance among loved ones is increasing.

Somewhere the emotional connect between people are missing.

We feel helpless when the internet connection is down.

We always remain engaged with many online activities such as checking emails, socializing, chatting, online shopping, business-deals, etc. We don’t get time to rest.

Since most of the things can be done at the click of a button, we have become lazy and don’t want to move around.

Our life is moving at the pace of internet. We seldom spare few moments of peace for us.

Conclusion

We have the intellect to make smart choices. We should not allow internet to distract or disturb our mind. We should use it in a way that brings harmony in life.

3. My country, my pride!

This essay was written by Elyor

Homeland is a catch-all term that refers to the most sacred and precious place for all human beings. When it comes to my motherland, Uzbekistan, the first thing that comes to my mind is its picturesque views, tranquil streets, kind-hearted people and world-renowned ever-lived brilliant minds. Therefore, with pride and confidence, I can surely say that I am very proud of my country! In this essay, I would like to point out some of the main reasons why my country is my pride.

Firstly, we should not forget those who fought in bloody wars in order to achieve the freedom and glittery life that we are enjoying today. I am, thus, very thankful for living under the peaceful sky since nothing gives me as much pride as being part of a country where liberty dwells. Living in a calm and independent country, in my opinion, is the most significant thing because people, in some countries, such as Syria, Afghanistan and Iraq, always live with fear and doubt due to some threats or dangers like terrorism Accordingly, it is a really great pleasure to dwell in such a peaceful and tranquil country without any violence or war.

Secondly, it is rather difficult for me to express by words how the youths are respectful towards elderly people and how the Uzbeks are friendly not only to each other but also to everyone who comes to our country as hospitality is in our blood. Moreover, I really appreciate the remarkable achievements in various fields we have notched up thus far, in a short span of time, especially in the eyes of world history. I assume that we cannot forget that the last summer Olympic Games held in Rio where Uzbek athletes have won a total of thirteen medals, mostly in wrestling and boxing, ranking the seventeenth place in the world, and this result has been considered the highest one so far in the history of Uzbek sportsmen. In other words, seeing how our compatriots raise the national flag of Uzbekistan high to the sky gives me a big honor of being a citizen of this country!

Finally, as our first president Islam Abduganievich Karimov said “There is no future without past”, we should know more about our great ancestors whose contributions to science like astronomy, medicine and mathematics were tremendous. Now, we can proudly follow their path in order to take our motherland towards prosperity!

It is not everyone’s lot to be born in such a great country.

This is why I am proud to be a son of this wonderful land!

4. INTRODUCTION

What exactly is global warming and why is it worthy of consideration? Global warming is the scientific phenomenon linking an increase of the average earth temperature because of a trapping of radiation within the earth like a greenhouse. This has been a natural phenomenon throughout the natural history of the world but it has only become a problem in the last few hundred years because of an anthropogenic increase in greenhouse gasses.

CAUSES

This essay on global warming needs to look at the causes of the problem. Global warming is caused by an acute heating of the earth’s atmosphere as a result of energy being trapped. Greenhouse gasses such as carbon dioxide and methane can cause the atmosphere to build up, leading to solar radiation becoming trapped within the earth like within a greenhouse, hence the name. Over time, the trapping of this radiation leads to the earth’s atmosphere rising in temperature and the earth becomes warmer as a result. The causes of global warming are both natural and anthropogenic but the anthropogenic influence is the most damaging.

The phenomenon of global warming has been occurring naturally as a result of the natural rotation of the sun which changes the intensity of solar radiation hitting the earth, also natural processes such as volcanoes produce a large amount of Sulphur dioxide and other greenhouse gasses which can result in global warming too. Once these greenhouse gasses become released, they can contribute to the buildup of the atmosphere and work to trap more solar radiation within the earth.

Global warming is also largely a result of the release of methane from cracks in the earth, landfill sites and through natural gas leaks. Methane has an effect on the atmosphere which is four times as bad for global warming as carbon dioxide. Cattle and other animals that produce methane can also contribute significantly to global warming, much of this has been a problem because of human animal farming which produces hundreds of cattle for the meat industry.

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ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECTS

The reason as to why global warming is such an issue today is because of the problem that humans are creating with anthropogenic contributions to greenhouse gasses. Many of the practices that humans employ create enormous amounts of greenhouse gasses to be released and this has been well documented to be significantly harming the earth. Modernity, modern technology and new lifestyles have resulted in human activities that produce a lot of greenhouse gasses such as deforestation, the combustion of fossil fuels, industrial action and farming animals.

The growing rise of industry around the world and the rise of consumerism has resulted in the production of many goods, all using fossil fuels either directly or indirectly. Consider the example of something trivial a mobile phone – creating something like this will lead to a large amount of components that need to be made using fossil fuels. Even if we want goods that have been grown on trees in our homes, they will need to be transported somewhere by transport that uses fossil fuels. There’s no real escape from it – fossil fuels are in the fabric of modern life.

Mining causes methane and natural gas to escape from where it is trapped below the earth. Shockingly, many energy companies around the world that drill for new fossil fuels such as oil can actually end up burning all the natural gas off in the process rather than storing it because it is not economically viable to do so. This creates huge problems as there is a limited supply of natural gas and fossil fuels around the world. Deforestation is one of the biggest causes of global warming. Not only are trees cut down to make goods that need to be transported using fossil fuels, the removal of trees leads to a net loss of photosynthesis which is carried out by plants to make food. In this process, carbon dioxide can be absorbed and turned into oxygen, making food for the plants and cleaning the atmosphere as a result. The wide scale removal of trees and biodiverse life results in a large amount of carbon dioxide that can’t be converted to oxygen and so a huge problem for global warming.

PROBLEMS

Global warming and greenhouse gasses are problematic as they raise the earth’s temperature, but exact effects of global warming exist and what effect will global warming have for our planet and our society in the future? Polar ice caps can melt, there will be widespread flooding all over the world, there will be an increase in the frequency and intensity of harmful natural disasters and the consequences to the economy will be detrimental to societal progress.

The melting of polar ice caps poses one of the biggest problems for human society. As the earth’s temperature increases, these large masses of ice and snow will melt and create the sea level to rise all over the world. In the same way, glaciers will also melt and create problems on land. According to scientific research, if all the snow and ice were to melt today, this would result in a raised sea level of over 200 feet worldwide and would be instantly detrimental to many low lying areas such as the Netherlands and other low lying islands around the world. It is the tragic case that most of the countries and areas that will be affected directly are often the ones that contribute the least to global warming.

As global warming occurs, biodiversity all over the world will suffer. Species will die off as they won’t be able to adapt to their changing environments and the migratory patterns of many species will be ruined, e.g. birds will get lost migrating to get food. Food sources will be compromised, e.g. most primates are at significant risk as global warming results in less nutritious plant content to eat and a reduction in animal niches.

Natural disasters such as hurricanes will be of greater occurrence and this will cause an increase in the economic effects. Hurricane damage alone will result in billions of dollars worldwide needing to be spent to rebuild societies and provide relief. It will be difficult for people and societies to keep up and offer enough support if global warming is too big of a problem. All natural disasters from tornadoes to droughts will all increase in intensity – one can only imagine what a hurricane twice as strong would do!

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SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM

As a society, there are certainly many solutions to prevent global warming and reduce its harmful effects, yet it will be difficult to coordinate these efforts together. It could be a lot easier to live for many more years if we were to stop burning so many fossil fuels, yet the problem is the incentive for people to change their ways and adopt new practices, especially in the light of global capitalism and consumerism. Any global warming essay ought to shed some light on the solutions we can achieve.

There are small choices that we can change about ourselves, for instance diving hybrid cars that reduce gasoline consumption. If a person needs to drive to work and pump their car many times a day, why do this when you can take public transport instead. Both of these solutions are actually cost effective for consumers but the problem is that people like to have the goods they want (e.g. cars) and there is little incentive for them to change their ways. Recycling could also be adopted in the same way, producing less carbon dioxide as a result. It is hoped that technology will lead to a reduction in global warming, with hardcore geoengineering coming in to save the day, e.g. large mirrors to reflect radiation or pumping Sulphur into the atmosphere to influence global cooling. Efforts to create such technology would be worthwhile as the problems of incentives would not factor in.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion there are many causes and effects of global warming. Unfortunately it is highly likely that the problems of global warming will persist unless immediate action is to be taken. Problems will exist unless hard geoengineering is developed or if people are given sufficient incentives to change their actions for the better

5. A Healthy lifestyle

Many people wish to live a good, healthy life and live to be one hundred years old. The only problem is that they don’t want to do the work that comes with living a long life. Hearing the words diet and exercise almost scares them away from the thought of being a healthy individual. Almost thirty five percent of adults are considered to be overweight or obese in the Unites States (CITATION?). Many of them are at risk of many diseases that come with being overweight or obese. Preventing some of those diseases is as simple as changing what and how they eat. Although being obese is normally caused from eating poorly, you can also be at an ideal weight but still not eat the right foods or get the right nutrients in your body. Starting a healthier lifestyle for you comes with living a longer life. In order to have a healthy lifestyle, you need to be educated on what you consume, have an exercise routine, and maintain your new lifestyle. Following these steps will make you a healthier person and help you live a longer happier life.

2.Everyone has a different perspective on what a healthy lifestyle is, but it really comes down to practicing good health habits and giving up harmful ones. With a healthy lifestyle you can only get positive reinforcements out of it, such as feeling good; you will have more energy, sleep better and be more relaxed, looking good; you will have a nice toned body, strong muscles, bright eyes healthy hair and skin, and most important you will be happy; you will have a better outlook on life. To begin per-say a new “life” you start with small steps, simple changes. Which will produce big changes in time. Two major factors I will be talking about today are healthy eating and exercising.

Healthy eating will surely gave you a edge on weight …show more content…

And here are few weight loss tips: brush your teeth after you eat to help prevent snacking, and if you must snack eat small portions such a pretzels, whole grain cereal, pop corn, or rice cakes. Drink 8 glasses of a water a day, try to take a morning walk, avoid fried foods, don’t eat 2 hours before bed, cut back or down on alcohol, cigarettes, and caffeine and keep track of what you eat. Another factor of living a healthy lifestyle is exercising. Regular exercises reduce the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, and diabetes. Making time to exercise 20 mins a day 3 times a week for a start will make a world of difference as long as your keep it regular. A few type of exercises are aerobic which burns fat calories very quickly and improves and maintains heart and lung fitness. Some examples are dancing, jogging, and swimming.

3.

Show More An unhealthy lifestyle is a lifestyle where the person who is living it, is a threat to themselves and possibly others as well. With that being stated, it is so easy to go from a healthy lifestyle to an unhealthy lifestyle. People of today believe that life is too short to even think about the benefits of an unhealthy lifestyle, but end up paying for it in the long run. It isn’t too hard to live a healthy lifestyle , but the food that test the best to most people are the foods that are not healthy. Overall an unhealthy lifestyle takes positive health for granted. Individuals that have an unhealthy lifestyle take on activities that are detrimental to their health, eat unhealthy foods, and don’t exercise regularly and gain unnecessary weight. There are so many activities that are associated with an unhealthy lifestyle such as smoking, drinking, not getting enough sleep. And spending too much time in front of the TV. When smoking cigarettes, it has several negative aspects. It causes diseases such as lung cancer and emphysema and throat and mouth diseases. It also causes birth defects . Even when you buy cigarettes, on the packaging it states “SURGEON GENERAL WARNING: Smoking, causes lung cancer, heart disease, emphysema and may complicate pregnancy.

4.

Show More Having a healthy lifestyle is a good way to decrease the chance you’ll develop diabetes. Choose healthy foods, meaning foods lower in fat and calories. You should eat foods higher in fiber. Exercise is also recommended, plan for thirty minutes of moderate physical activity a day. Take a brisk daily walk if you’re overweight, losing seven percent of your weight can reduce diabetes risk (“What Causes Type 2 Diabetes” np). When you’re a diabetic it’s good to keep track of what you eat and how much exercise you get each day. The higher the fatty food intake, the more insulin you have to give yourself.

Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that lets your body use sugar from carbohydrates in the food that you eat for energy to store glucose for future use. Insulin is a hormone that keeps your blood sugar balance from getting too low or too high. Insulin stores sugar in your liver when your body has too much sugar than it needs and releases it when your blood sugar level is low or if you need more sugar, such as between meals or during physical activity (Fischi np). Insulin was ariance in 1925, by being extracted from a cow’s and pig’s pancreas.