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Subject:Elicitation techniques
Plan:
1. Elicitation technique
2. Requirements Elicitation Techniques
Elicitation technique
An elicitation technique is any of a number of data collection techniques used in anthropology, cognitive science, counseling, education, knowledge engineering, linguistics, management, philosophy, psychology, or other fields to gather knowledge or information from people. Recent work in behavioral economics has purported that elicitation techniques can be used to control subject misconceptions and mitigate errors from generally accepted experimental design practices.[1] Elicitation, in which knowledge is sought directly from human beings, is usually distinguished from indirect methods such as gathering information from written sources.[2]
A person who interacts with human subjects in order to elicit information from them may be called an elicitor, an analyst, experimenter, or knowledge engineer, depending on the field of study.[2]
Elicitation techniques include interviews, observation of either naturally occurring behavior (including as part of participant observation) or behavior in a laboratory setting, or the analysis of assigned tasks.]
What Is Requirements Elicitation?
It is all about obtaining information from stakeholders. In other words, once the business analysis has communicated with stakeholders for understanding their requirements, it can be described as elicitation. It can also be described as a requirement gathering.
Requirement elicitation can be done by communicating with stakeholders directly or by doing some research, experiments. The activities can be planned, unplanned, or both.
Planned activities include workshops, experiments.
Unplanned activities happen randomly. Prior notice is not required for such activities. For example, you directly go to the client site and start discussing the requirements however there was no specific agenda published in advance.
Following tasks are the part of elicitation:
Prepare for Elicitation: The purpose here is to understand the elicitation activity scope, select the right techniques, and plan for appropriate resources.
Conduct Elicitation: The purpose here is to explore and identify information related to change.
Confirm Elicitation Results: In this step, the information gathered in the elicitation session is checked for accuracy.
We hope, you have got an idea about requirement elicitation by now. Let’s move on to the requirements elicitation techniques.
Requirements Elicitation Techniques
There are several techniques available for elicitation, however, the commonly used techniques are explained below:
#1) Stakeholder Analysis
Stakeholders can include team members, customers, any individual who is impacted by the project or it can be a supplier. Stakeholder analysis is done to identify the stakeholders who will be impacted by the system.
#2) Brainstorming
This technique is used to generate new ideas and find a solution for a specific issue. The members included for brainstorming can be domain experts, subject matter experts. Multiple ideas and information give you a repository of knowledge and you can choose from different ideas.
This session is generally conducted around the table discussion. All participants should be given an equal amount of time to express their ideas.
Brainstorming technique is used to answer the below questions:
What is the expectation of a system?
What are the risk factors that affect the proposed system development and what to do to avoid that?
What are the business and organization rules required to follow?
What are the options available to resolve the current issues?
What should we do so that this particular issue does not happen in the future?
Brainstorming can be described in the following phases:
There are some basic rules for this technique which should be followed to make it a success:
The time limit for the session should be predefined.
Identify the participants in advance. One should include 6-8 members for the session.
The agenda should be clear enough for all the participants.
Clear expectations should be set with the participants.
Once you get all the information, combine the ideas, and remove the duplicate ideas.
Once the final list is ready, distribute it among other parties.
Benefits:
Creative thinking is the result of the brainstorming session.
Plenty of ideas in a short time.
Promotes equal participation.
Drawbacks:
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