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Мустақил иш 3-вариант Джабборов.У The Republic of Uzbekistan is located between the Amudarya and Syrdarya rivers, with an area of 449.8 thousand sq. Km. The republic's border is 1,425 km from west to east and 930 km from north to south. The republic is bordered by Kazakhstan to the northeast, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to the east and southeast, Turkmenistan to the west, and Afghanistan to the south.
Coordinates: 41 0 north latitude, 64 0 east longitude.
Boundaries: The total length of the state border is 6,221 kilometers. In particular, Afghanistan - 137 km, Kazakhstan - 2,203 km, Kyrgyzstan - 1,099 km, Tajikistan - 1,161 km and Turkmenistan - 1,621 km.
Relief: Uzbekistan has a very favorable natural and geographical conditions among the Central Asian states. The territory of the country includes a peculiar lowland and mountainous terrain. Most of the territory of Uzbekistan is lowlands. The most important of these is the Turan Plain. In the east and north-east of the country are the Tien Shan and Pamir mountain ranges (the highest point of the country (4643 m)). In the center of the territory of Uzbekistan lies one of the vast deserts of the world - Kyzylkum.
Geological structure and minerals: The country's mineral resources include reserves of natural gas, lignite and coal, gold, copper, tungsten, bismuth and open oil deposits.
Climate: The climate of Uzbekistan is a rapidly changing continental climate. Day and night, summer and winter temperatures in the region are drastically different. The annual air temperature difference is significantly higher. The average temperature drops to -6 0 in January, and the average air temperature rises to +32 0 in July. Annual precipitation in the lowlands is -120-200 mm, in the desert -1000 mm. reaches Due to low rainfall, agriculture depends on an artificial irrigation system.
Inland watersheds: The largest rivers in the country are the Amudarya and the Syrdarya. The length of the Amudarya is -1437 km, the Syrdarya -2137 km. Many of Uzbekistan's inland rivers flow into vast steppes and deserts, with only the Amudarya and Syrdarya flowing into the Aral Sea. There are several artificial lakes in the country, such as the Chordarya, which provide water throughout the year.
Soil and plants. The lowlands are desert vegetation, and the mountains are steppe, forest, and foothill vegetation.
Fauna: The fauna of the country is very diverse. Saigas and 1.5-meter-long goats, which are very rare in the deserts, and snow leopards and rare species of mountain goats are found in the high mountains.
Mountain system: one-fifth of the territory of the Republic is mountainous and foothill. The eastern region consists of medium and high mountainous relief: the territory of the republic includes the slopes of the Western Tien Shan (Ugam, Pskem, Chatkal and Qurama mountain ranges) and Pamir-Alay (Zarafshan, Turkestan, Gissar, Kohitangtog and Boysuntag mountain ranges). From south to west, they slop and join the lowlands. Among these mountains lie the huge oases of Kashkadarya, Surkhandarya, Zarafshan and Samarkand. The largest of these is the Fergana Valley - 370 kilometers long and 190 kilometers wide. It is surrounded by high mountains on three sides and only the west side is flat. The Amu Darya delta stretches along the border with Afghanistan.
Natural resources: The Republic of Uzbekistan has huge industrial and mineral resources, agricultural products, a large number of semi-finished products obtained in the process of processing, natural resources and developed infrastructure.
Modern exploration of underground reserves includes deposits of precious, non-ferrous and rare metals, various organic fuels, oil, natural gas and gas condensate, lignite and semi-coke coal, shale fuel, uranium and many types of raw materials needed for construction. related to assimilation.
The territory of Uzbekistan contains more than a hundred mineral raw materials, of which sixty types have been identified, many of which are already used in the national economy.
It has been confirmed that Uzbekistan is a leader not only among the CIS countries, but also in the world in terms of reserves of minerals such as gold, uranium, copper, natural gas, tungsten, potassium salts, phosphorites, kaolin. In particular, it ranks fourth in the world in terms of gold reserves, seventh in terms of mining, tenth-eleventh in terms of copper reserves, seventh-eighth in terms of uranium reserves, and eleventh-twelfth in terms of mining.
The mineral reserves mentioned below will not only extend the life of future mining operations in existing mining complexes, but also their gold, uranium, copper, lead, silver, lithium, phosphorus, potassium salts, tin feldspar, wollastonite, agricultural chemical ores and others. serves to organize the re-mining of a number of minerals and increase their capacity
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