Ўзбекистон республикаси олий ва ўрта махсус таълим вазирлиги ўзбекистон давлат жаҳон тиллари университети инглиз тили назарий аспектлари №1



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Лексикология УМК

Simple words are words which derivationally cannot be segmented into ICs, e.g. hand, come, blue, etc.
Derivatives are words which are made up of two ICs, i.e. binary units, e.g. friendly+ness, un+wifely, school-master+ish, etc. All derivatives are marked by the fixed order of their ICs.
Stem is the part of a word that remains unchanged throughout its paradigm. Structurally the stems may be: a) simple, which consist of only one, semantically non-motivated constituent. It is phonetically and graphically identical with the root-morpheme and the word-form that habitually represents the word as a whole; b) derived, which are the results of the application of word-formation rules; c) compound, which are always binary, but unlike the derived stems both ICs of compound stems are stems themselves. The derivative structure and morphemic composition of each IC may be of different degree of complexity, for example, the compound stem of the noun match-box consists of two simple stems, the stem of the noun letter-writer — of one simple and one derived stem, and the stem aircraft-carrier — of a compound and derived stem.
Paradigm is a system of forms of one word it reveals the differences and relationships between them; in abstraction from concrete words it is treated as a pattern on which every word of one part of speech models its forms, thus serving to distinguish one part of speech from another. Cf. the noun paradigm – boy (_), boy (-s), boy (-‘s), boy (-s’) as distinct from that of the regular verb – to work (_), work (-s), work (-ed), work (-ing), etc.

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