Ўзбекистон республикаси олий ва ўрта махсус таълим вазирлиги cамарқанд давлат чет тиллар институти инглиз тили грамматикаси ва тарихи кафедраси

Inverters — elements which cause inversion. These are usually different adverbs; e. g. never have I seen such a sight.
Isomorphism — likeness or similarity of organization.
Level — in structural grammar a stage, a layer in hierarchy of language structure. It is common to distinguish the three main levels: phonological, morphological and syntactical.
Lexeme — the lexical meaning bearer of the word, traditionally called "the stem".
Marker — a formal signal of grammatical meaning. Zero-marker — the marker of the unmarked member of an opposition, meaningful absence of a
grammatical marker.
Modifier — a subordinate element usually of a verb phrase which qualifies, describes or restricts the meaning of the head; e. g. put the book here; come .earlier.
Morph — a statistically dominant variant of a morpheme as opposed to allomorphs —positionally conditioned variants; e. g. the variant in of the negative prefix in is its morph whereas il, ir, itn are allomorphs.
Nominals — elements filling in JV-slbts;. elements performing the function pertaining to nouns.
Nominalization — a transformation rule symbolized as S -*• NP, a syntactic process of transferring, into a nominal in function. It is opposed to substantivization, a paradigmatic process of acquiring properties of a noun.
Noun substitutes — elements (usually pronouns) which can be substituted for a noun in its function.
Opposition (opposeme) — binary juxtaposition of linguistic elements or their paradigmatic forms. The opposites are the marked and the unmarked members correlatively.
Paradigm — a set of paradigmatic forms of linguistic units (words, phrases and sentences).
Paradigmatics — one of the two planes of language structure comprising language units in their class membership.
Parataxis — asyndetic coordination of independent predicative units (clauses).
Pattern — an extracted and abstracted backbone of a construction describable in terms of constants (constituents) and their distribution.
Permutation — a transformation rule symbolized as a -\- b ->- b -\-+ a, positional alternation in sequential ordering of elements; e. g. she used symbology to explain.