Ўзбекистон республикаси олий ва ўрта махсус таълим вазирлиги абу райхон беруний номидаги

CHAPTER 8. Hetero atom compounds and Mineral components 8.1. Hetero atom compounds of Oil………………………………………………………………………...258 8.1.1. Nitrogen compounds of Oil………………………………………………………………………….258 8.1.1. Sulfur compounds of Oil, …………………………….……………………………………………...261 8.1.2. Mercaptans…………………………………………………………………………………………...268 Elementary sulfur, Hydrogen Sulfide ……………………………………………………………….270 Sulfides………………………………………………………………………………………………272 Thiophenes………………………………………………………………………………………..….274 Thiophanes …………………………………………………………………………………………..275 Disulfides………………………..…………………………………………………………………...276 Thermo chemical changing and oxidation of Sulfides in Oil…………………...………….………..277 8.1.3. Oxygen saving compounds of Oil…………………………………………………………………...278 Oil acids…………………………………………………………………………………………...279 Phenols……………………………………………………………………………………………….279 Ethers…………………………………………………..…………………………………………....279 8.1.4. Resin and asphalt compounds of Oil……………….…………………………………………........280 Neutral substances (Resins) …………………………………………………………..…………….281 Asphalts…………………………………………………….……………………………………….282 8.1.5. Mineral components of Oil………………………………………………………………………….283 CHAPTER 9. Chemical processing of Oil fractions and Oil in Industry 9.1. Thermal processes of Oil and Oil products…………………………………………..……………….290 Thermal cracking………………………………………………………………………………….…290 Pyrolysis ……………………………………………………………………………………………..292 Coxing …………………………………………………………………………………………….…294 9.2. Oil hydrocarbons and thermo catalytic changing of Natural Gas ………………………………….…295 9.2.1 Catalytic cracking………………………………………………………………………………….....295 9.2.2. Catalytic reforming ………………………………………………………………………………….297 9.2.3. Isomerization ……………………………………………………………………………………….303 The synthesis of high-octane components of fuel ……………………...……………………..….…303 Alkyl benzene ……………………………………………………..………………………………...304 Dehydroascorbic ………………………………………………………..……………………….…..304 Polymerization ………………………………………………………………………………………304 9.3. Hydro genation on Oil process ………………………………………………………………………..305 Classification of processes……………………………………………………….…………………... 305 9.3.1. Hydro cracking processes and their products………………………………………………………..306 9.3.2. Hydro cleaning process………………….…………………………………………………………...307 9.3.3. Hydro ascorbic process of Organic compounds with Sulfur…………………………………….......308 Hydro cleaning process of Distillers………………………...……………………………………….309 Literatures……………………………………………………………………………………….…...311 Content…………………………………………………………………………………………….…323

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