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8. What is attitudinal or emotional function of intonation?

1. 
   intonation distinguishes communicative types of sentences
   
2. 
   intonation distinguishes the speaker‘s attitudes and emotions
   
3. 
   intonation distinguishes syntactical types of sentences
   
4. 
   intonation distinguishes the semantic centre of sentences 9. Give examples for initially strong consonants.
   

1. 
   may, tea, new
   
2. 
   penknife, midday, what time
   
3. 
   it, us, add
   
4. 
   i, or, are
   

10. What does morphological factor of word stress mean?

1. 
   some parts of speech are stressed.
   
2. 
   some suffixes are stressed.
   
3. 
   all the words are stressed.
   
4. 
   some syllables are not stressed.
   

11. Define intonation according to the broad definition

1. 
   it is a complex unity of speech melody, sentence stress, tempo, rhythm, pausation and voice – tamber.
   
2. 
   it is a unity of speech melody and sentence stress.
   
3. 
   it is the pausation of utterance.
   
4. 
   it is the voice – tamber.
   

12. The division of an utterance into rhythmic units is based in English mostly on…

1. 
   isochronous intervals between stressed syllables.
   
2. 
   the boundaries between rhythmic units determined by the semantic and
   

grammatical relations between the words in an utterance. c) objective isochrony of english rhythmic units.

d) prosodic characteristics of proclitics and enclitics belonging to the nuclei of rhythmic units.

13. The most prominent and functionally important components in an utterance are…

1. 
   complex rhythmic units.
   
2. 
   the nuclear rhythmic units.
   
3. 
   rhythmic units formed by post-nuclear stress.
   
4. 
   rhythmic units with a number of proclitics and enclitics in them.
   

14. Phonostylistics, an essential branch of phonetics, is concerned with the study of…

1. 
   lexical and grammatical differences in definite varieties of language in use.
   
2. 
   extralinguistic factors and circumstances of reality involved in the process of oral and written communication.
   
3. 
   style-forming means characterized by definite phonetic features.
   
4. 
   functional styles of the written language.
   

15. How does G.A. Torsuyev distinguish ―…variation which depends on the position and changes its quality and quantity‖: a) allophonic

2. 
   diaphonic
   
3. 
   syllable
   
4. 
   juncture
   

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