Zahiriddin muhammad bobur nomidagi andijon davlat universiteti ingliz tili grammatikasi kafedrasi

Critical thinking skill
1. Look of these numbers from Dr. Rice's article. Do they describe a trend (a gradual change or development), a pattern (a series of repeated actions or events, cf. p. 49) or a static figure?
a. 2bn b. 2.5% с. one in three d. 10% e. 1,5bn I 20m
2. What point is Dr. Rice making with each trend/pattern?
ASSESSING THE LOGIC OF AN ARGUMENT
After identifying arguments in an academic text, it is necessary to assess the logic of each argument to ensure it is valid. Consider this example argument:
All people ore materialistic. Materialism is bad, as research shows it harms the environment. Therefore, oil people are bad.
To test the logic of an argument, you can:
• Consider whether the statement on which the argument is based is true. Is it a generalization (a statement that is true in most situations, but not all)? Is it on assumption (something you consider likely to be true but you have no proof)? Or is it speculation (something which is possible)? If so, ore these reasonable? You might need to conduct research, such as referring to the Internet, to find out.
All people ore materialistic. (— unreasonable generalization)
Some people are materialistic. (= reasonable assumption, or speculation)
• Examine the evidence that supports the argument. Is it sufficient? Is it current, reliable, valid, and relevant?
Research shows materialism harms the environment. (What research? How does it harm the environment? This is insufficient.)
• Consider: Do all the points follow logically from one another?
Therefore, oil people are bad. (Shouldn't the logical conclusion be that people harm the environment rather than that they are bod?)


3. Read Overpopulation: A problem or a myth? again. Analyze the arguments below. Are they logical? Is there enough evidence to support them?
A problem
1. An increase in demand for clean drinking water will result in more disease.
2. Farmers will risk using more waste water if fresh water becomes scarcer.
3. Deforestation and mining affect our ecosystem and the biodiversity within it.
4. The number of cars on our roads is increasing.
5. Education is the solution to overpopulation.
A myth
6. The amount of fresh water has not changed in 10,000 years.
7. Materialism and overconsumption are facts of life for everyone in the western world.
8. Waste is a common occurrence.
9. Developing countries will generate greater wealth in future.
10. People will change consumption habits if they are educated.