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Useful introductory expressions:

The graph shows / indicates / depicts / illustrates

From the graph it is clear

It can be seen from the graph

As can be seen from the graph,

As is shown / illustrated by the graph,

Example: The graph shows the percentage of children using supplements in

a place over a year.

Useful time expressions:

over the next... / for the following... (for the following two months... over the

next six months...)

from ... to / between ... and (from June to August... between June and

August...)

during (during the first three months...)

Warning! Per cent is the word form of the symbol %. We can write 10% or 10 per cent. Percentage is the noun form: The percentage of children using supplements. NOT The percent of children...

Note!

You can use a combination of adjective + noun, or verb + adverb, to avoid

repeating the same phrase.

Example: There was a sharp decrease in the numbers. The numbers

decreased sharply.

Sample:

Population growth in Canada This graph shows the growth of the population in Canada from 1978 to 2009.

It is taken from the website about Statistics in Canada.

There are three graphs in the chart. The green graph shows the total growth

of the population, the black one deals with the migrated people in Canada and

the blue graph shows the natural increase of the population. In 1988/89 there

was an enourmous growth. In the following years the total growth went down to

about 250,000 in 1998/99. From that time on the Canadian population has been

gradually growing again although the natural increase slows down. So we can

say that the growth of the population in Canada is based on migration.

Sample 2. Renewable energy consumption in the USA (1949-2008)

The diagram shows the consumption of renewable energy in the USA from

1949-2008.

Write a 150-word report for a university lecturer identifying the main trends

and making comparisons where relevant. Model answer

The line graph shows growth in the consumption of renewable energy during

the period 1949-2008 in the USA. The results are also broken down by source.

The first thing to note is that renewable energy use more than doubled over

the period, with particularly strong growth in biofuels. This sector did not exist in

1980 but experienced a steep rise during the 2000s to over one quadrillion Btu

per year. This made biofuels a serious challenger to both wood and hydroelectric

power, which both saw only limited growth overall. The former grew steadily

between 1975 and 1985, but then slipped back to around its original level of

1.8 quadrillion Btu. The latter began the period at the same level as wood but

experienced more substantial growth. However, it also fell back to around 2

quadrillion Btu, with a particularly sharp drop in the late 1990s.

Finally, wind power emerged late in the period but showed a gradual rise to

around 0.5 quadrillion Btu, suggesting that it, along with biofuels, will replace

wood and hydroelectricity as the main sources of renewable every in the future.