Xorazm ma ’ mun akademiyasi axborotnomasi – /2020 Ўзбекистон республикаси фанлар

XORAZM MA
’
MUN AKADEMIYASI AXBOROTNOMASI 
–
8/2020
161
Variable characteristics are: 
➢
restricted as to the language skills to be learned (e.g. reading only)
➢
taught according to any pre-ordained methodology.
According to Dudley-Evans and St. John, ESP has absolute characteristics include:
➢
ESP is defined to meet specific needs of the learner; 
 
➢
ESP makes use of the underlying methodology and activities of the discipline it serves; 
 
➢
ESP is centered on the language (grammar, lexis, and register), skills, discourse and 
genres appropriate to these activities. 
 
Variable characteristics of ESP are modified into:
➢
ESP maybe related to or designed for specific disciplines; 
 
➢
ESP may use in specific teaching situations, a different methodology from that of general 
English; 
 
➢
ESP is likely to be designed for adult learners, either at a tertiary level institution or in a 
professional work situation. It could, however, be for learners at secondary school level; 
 
➢
ESP is likely to be designed for intermediate or advanced students (Dudley-Evans and St. 
John, 1998, pp. 4-5). 
 
ESP is divided into EAP (English for Academic Purposes) and EOP (English for 
Occupational Purposes). According to Hutchinson and Waters, ESP is divided into three: English 
for Science and Technology, English for Business and Economics and English for Social Science, 
each of which is subdivided into EAP and EOP. The aim of both EAP and EOP is the same but the 
way to achieve it is different. However, EAP and EOP are two different terms. EAP is required in 
an educational institution like school, college and university and concerned to communication skills 
in English which are required for study purposes in formal educational system, while EOP is 
required for professional communication in professional contexts such as medical, engineering, 
business, and aviation.
If we explain briefly, there are differentiations including the learners, aims and concerns 
among GE and ESP. If ESP is designed for adults and general English is learnt by high school 
students. The aims of ESP are to meet the needs of particular learners and communicative 
competence. And General English purposes is to improve overall English competence involving a 
range of skills (reading, writing, speaking, listening, vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation and etc.).
To meet the students
’
need, ESP teaching learning purposes is communicative competence, so 
that learner-centered and more communicative activities should the emphasis in ESP approach. ESP 
teaching learning process in the classroom is learner-centered, in the way that the learner
’
s reasons 
for learning to use a specific area of the English language in the shortest term possible become the 
basis of the teaching.