Designing Sound

Index
655
Housing
jet engine, 525
rifle receiver, 599
Howling
wind, 471
Howling, wind, 479
Huygens, clock, 491
Identification, 95
Idiophonics, 365
Impact
raindrop, 441
Impedance, 33
physical obstruction, 429
wind, 472
Implicit production, 471
Impulse
chirp, 454, 598
firearm signature, 594
frequency, 139
Kronecker delta, 137
step, 131
test excitation, 252
Inertance, 33
Inertia
rotational (engine), 511
Information, 119
Insects, 557
Intensity, 58
Intention, 547
Inter-activity, 107
Inter-aural intensity difference, 79
Inter-aural time difference, 79
Interference, 24
uncorrelated waves, 58
Ionisation
of air, electricity, 452
IPA, phonetic notation, 585
Jitter, sputter (engine), 509
Just noticable difference, 79
Kerosene, 523
Kerosene explosion, 608
Keyboard shortcuts, 150, 157
Klatt, tract model, 582
Knowledge
categorical, 113
declarative, 112
imperative, 113
poetic, 113
procedural, 112
Labia, avian, 572
Language
common list music, 142
Csound, 141
programming abstraction, 141
Laplacian
of sphere, 421
Larynx, mammalian, 580
LAW launcher, 617
LC network
frequency of, 47
Learning (perception), 100
Least significant bit, 122
Leaves, wind, 479
Line, 139
object, audio, 189
List
parameters, 200
unpacking, 200
Listening
analytic, 106
causal, 105
connotative, 105
critical, 106
empathetic, 105
engaged, 107
functional, 105
hierarchy (Chion), 104
hierarchy (Huron), 104
hierarchy (Schaeffer), 104
reduced, 106
reflexive, 104
semantic, 106
signal, 107
Localisation, 336
Loop, until, 180
Loss
energy, bouncing, 386
Loss, Damping, 31

---

656
Index
Loudness
duration effects, 82
Phon scale, 81
scale weighting, 81
Sone scale, 81
Lowpass, 215
Mach
cone, 596
Maher, R.C, firearm acoustics, 605
Mammals, 579
Marranzano, 406
Masking
concurrent, 98
critical band, 98
in-band, 98
intensity, 83
inter-band, 98
simultaneous, 98
temporal proximity, 98
Mass, Spring
frequency, 44
Matching, 95
Mathews, Max, 267
Mathews, speech analysis, 580
Matter, 11
bonds, 11
mass, 11
molecules, 11
state, 12
Max/MSP, 149
Medium, 17
dispersive, 23
Memory
auditory pipeline, 103
echoic store, 103
episodic, 103
pre-categorical, 103
short term, 103
verbal, 103
visually augmented, 104
Message
bang, 158
broadcast, 171
delay object, 168
float, 158
input/output, 174
list, 161, 172
list distribution, 173
list pack, 172
list unpack, 172
persistence, 173
pointer, 161
selector, 158
sequence, 171
substitution, 173
symbol, 160
translation table, 344
trigger, 166
Message, Pure Data, 157
Method, 255
additive, 256
choice of, efficiency, 374
choice of, flexibility, 375
composite, 256
granular, 257
non-linear, 257
piecewise, 256
piecewise, critique, 362
subtractive, 257
waveguide, 258
wavetables, 256
Metronome, 167
MIDI
controller, 176
note in, 175
note out, 175
note to frequency, 176
object summary, 176
sysex, 176
Miklavcic, rain, 449
Miller, speech analysis, 580
Minnaert, water flow, 435
Mixing, 134
Mode, 28
bending, 56
breathing, 56
free vs clamped bar, 403
number, 29
of bell, 369
switching, 473
umbrella, 56

---

Index
657
Model
small housing, 376
finite element, 468
parametric, 106
Modulation, 141
amplitude, 291
bi-axial spinning, 39
FM index, 297
Frequency, 296
phase, 303
ring, 293
single sideband, 295
Modulator, 291, 296
Monopole, 56
Mortar tube, 625
Motion
acceleration, 11
periodic, 39
simple harmonic, 11
velocity, 11
Motor, 499
Mounting
jet engine, 525
Mushroom cloud, 610
Mute button, 221
Node, 71
Noise
black, 466
cluster, 488
Gaussian, 443
Perlin, 65
pink, 447
white, 136, 524
Non-linear
discontinuity, 401
Normalisation, 123
parameter, 201
Number
comparison, 178
complement, 181
last, 182
LFO, 229
logical, 178
prime sequence, 423
random, 178
reciprocal, 181
Reynolds, 473, 518
rounding, 180
running maximum, 183
scaling, 180
stream lowpass, 183
Number box, 156
Nyquist, 303
Nyquist frequency, 124
Object, 152
arithmetic summary, 177
audio, 185
behaviour, 316
Boolean, 178
change, 170
create, 155
duplicate, 157
float, 166
inlets, 165
int, 167
list, 167
method, 158
methods, 315
MIDI, 175
modify, 156
moses, 170
numerical, 177
pipe, 168
principles, 165
print, 175
route, 169
select, 169
send/receive, 171
spigot, 170
swap, 170
timer, 168
trigger, 166
trigonometric summary,
178
until, 180
uzi, kalashnikov, 494
views, 315
Observation point, 338
Occlusion, 62
Optimisation, 414

---

658
Index
Oscillation
acoustic, 70
aeroelastic, 472
Oscillator, 39
astable, flip-flop, 357
bank, 269
chaotic, friction, stick-slip, 396
clamped rod, 49
differential equation, 44
driven (and resonance), 51
free rod, 49
frequency, 39
geometric, 40
initial condition, 51
instability, 45
lamina, 50
LC network, 46
multi-phase, 350
non-linear, 401
object, Pure Data, 187
object, wavetable, 187
pendulum, 46
phasor, 41
phone bell, 376
relaxation, 41
simple harmonic, 43
string, 48
Oscine, song bird, 571
Outdoor reverberation, 359
Outgassing, 409
Oxidation, 409
Panning, 221
law, cosine, 222
law, linear, 221
law, root, 222
law, taper, 221
Parallelism, auditory scene, 474
Parameter
abstraction, 197
collapsing, factoring, 261
default, 198
efficiency, 260
randomisation, 636
routing, 203
space, 260
Parameters
co-dependent, 437
initial, 156
Partial, 269
Patch, 152
edit, 156
file, 157
Patching, 155
Peaks list, 334
Pedestrian crossing, 333
Pendulum
clock, 491
frequency of, 46
walking, motion, 548
Period, 23
Pessulus, 572
Phantom fundamental, 86
Phase, 24
anti-phase, inverted, 24
in phase, 24
walking, feet, 548
Phase shift
by location (helicopter), 534
Phase splitting, 349
Phasing
arcing, 453
Phasor
code, 131
Phosphor-bronze, 485
Physioacoustics, 77
Pinching, 419
Pipe, 71
half-open, 439
Piston, 507
Pitch, 83
Plane
inclined, 517
Plasticity, 16, 61
Player, game, 316
Plunger, 485
Poisson
distribution, 426
Poisson ratio, 15
Pole
switch, 485
Police siren, 355

---

Index
659
Polynomial, Chebyshev, 645
Polyphony, 425
Potential, 32, 451
Poured liquids, 437
Power, 10
explosive, 607
Watt, 10
Praat, analysis suite, 641
Pre-computation, 273
Precedence, 91
Haas effect, 91
Presence (perception), 84
Pressure, 9, 58
Principle
Bernoulli, 473
Procedural Audio
deferred form, 321
audio engine, embedding, 324
code translation, 324
cost metrics, 325
default form, 321
denormal issues, 323
development, 323
DSP graph, 323
level of detail, 322
Pure Data, as plugin, 324
real-time architectures, 325
variable cost, 322
variety, 321
Product, cosine, 292
Programming
dataflow, 149
parameters via list, 351
visual, 149
Propagation, 19
Propeller, 517
PSOLA, 307
Psophometric weighting, 82
Psychoacoustic
adjective (language), 111
adjunctive (language), 111
Gerund verb (language), 111
imagination, 110
nouns (language), 111
onomatopoeia (language), 112
reference points, 112
sensation, 77
verbalising, 111
Pulse
asymmetrical, 539
Dirac, 497
fan blade, 517
formant aligned, 582
parabolic, 466
polynomial curve, 552
shark fin/dog tooth, 537
Pulse dialling, 339
Pure Data
GUI, 153
installer, 150
support, 162
test, 150
watchdog, 153
Quadrupole, 56
Quantisation, 43
bubble, 419
digital, 121
distortion, 121
R2D2, 635
Radiation, 56
cylindrical, 463
far field, 57
fire, 411
from surface, 400
near field, 57
pattern, 56
pipe/horn end, 73
Rain, 441
ambiance, 447
on ground, 444
on water, 445
on window, 444
Random
walk, 309
Reaction
electrochemical, 452
Recognition, 95
Recoil, 595
Recording
analytical, 251

---

660
Index
Reflection, 62
parallel walls, 67
thunder, 461
Refraction, 63
thunder, 462
Relaxation
molecular, 61
sparking, 452
Release (envelope), 91
Resistance, 33
Resolving power, 83
Resonance, 28, 52
acoustic, 71
body, clock, 496
body, switch, 489
of electric spark, 453
Resonator
Helmholtz, 572
rectangular membrane, 398
Response
frisson, 108
physiological, 108
scstatic response, 108
srientation response, 108
stapedius reflex, 108
startle response, 108
stress responses, 109
Rest point, 12
Restoring force, 13
Reverb
random incidence, 68
time, 68
Revolutions per minute, 500
Reynolds number, 71
Ribner and Roy, thunder, 465
Rigid body collisions, 365
Rise time (envelope), 90
Risset, Jean-Claude, 267
Roaring, fire, 416
Rocket fuel, 622
Rocket launcher, 617
Roddenberry, Gene, 629
Rolling, 387
collision pattern, 389
Raths’ model, 388
Rotation, 387
Rothenberg, speech analysis,
580
Rotor, 499
helicopter, 530
helicopter, coaxial, 530
helicopter, tail, 530
helicopter, tilt, 530
Roughness, 87
RPG7, 617
Rubber, 508
squirm, 508
Running, 548
Rupture, 607
Sabine formula, 68
Safety explosive, 607
Sample, 121
Sampler, simple audio, 225
Sampling, 121
rate, 121
Scale
and Reynolds number, turbulence,
472
perceptual, 88
whole tone, 629
Scaling, 94
Scattering, 62
Schema activation (perception), 100
Segregation, 99
Select
random, 182
weighted, 182
Semantic, 119
Sensible bands, 84
Sequencer
division, 229
list, 230
textfile, 231
time, 227
using select, 228
Shape
and modes, 30
raindrop, 441
Shaping
by cosine fuction, 349
Sharpness (hearing), 88

---