What goes into lesson planning and lesson plans

Variety - an important way of getting and keeping the students engaged and interested.

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  Flexibility - expect the unexpected! Things don't always go to plan in most lessons. Experienced teachers have the ability to cope when things go wrong. It's useful when planning to build in some extra and alternative tasks and exercises. Also teachers need to be aware of what is happening in the classroom. Students may raise an interesting point and discussions could provide unexpected opportunities for language work and practice. In these cases it can be appropriate to branch away from the plan.
  

Effective lesson planning is the basis of effective teaching. A plan is a guide for the teacher as to where to go and how to get there. However - don't let the plan dominate - be flexible in your planning so that when the opportunities arise you can go with the flow.
Callum Robertson, BBC English Comments Lesson plans As the article says planning is essential for the teacher to always be aware of the aims of the lesson, however, in the real practice the lesson cannot be always carry out as planned and the teacher has to know how to deal with the setbacks or problems during the lesson and even though the lesson is not exactly as how was planned the teacher must keep in mind the aims and reach the goal of the course; here is when the efficiency and creativity of the teacher has to stands out.

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Lesson plans
I agree that sometimes the lesson plan can not be carried out as planned and it depends on the students knowledge and discussions,however it is essential for the time management and the teacher self-confidence.

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Lesson Planning
I completely agree with author’s opinion about the importance of lesson planning in classrooms.
As we all know, lesson planning is one of the most important and basic conditions in organizing learning, being one of the main duties of the teacher as a regulator of his pupils’ learning. There is no doubt that organizing others’ learning in a certain situation is considered to be a magnificent job which has it’s rules and conditions that a dutiful teacher should be aware of according to the available circumstances. Meaningful planning is a major step towards success to pave the way for a suitable atmosphere for learning inside or outside the classroom without wasting time in useless affairs.

Classroom lesson planning is known as the process that leads to having a comprehensive outlook of the educational situations that the teacher prepares in order to achieve his aims. It is also the process that leads to putting a teaching plan including educational situations containing any other processes depending on aims specification, selecting the methods and procedures that help in achieving, evaluating and executing the plan.

This may help:

*teachers avoid the awkward situations in front of his pupils or whenever classroom problems may rise;
*teachers achieve the educational objectives easily on behalf of his pupils;
*teacher improve, enrich and develop the curricula;
*enable the teacher to know the priorities of the teaching process. 

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Aims - Goals - Objectives
I think planning a lesson depends on what purpuse you have. For example If you are self-evaluating yourself or you are going to be observed in a collaborative way. One of the features of lesson plans is: Aims - Goals and Objectives. Different authors refers to them but there is a set definition. What can you, colleges, tell me about those term? I think they are sometimes overlooked