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Appendix J, “Topics from Previous Editions,”
is a collection of small topics from 
prior editions. None of the topics justify a complete appendix by themselves, so we 
collect the small topics into this single appendix.
■
Appendix K, “Analyzing Ethernet LAN Designs,”
examines various ways to 
design Ethernet LANs, discussing the pros and cons, and explains common design 
terminology.
■
Appendix L, “Subnet Design,”
takes a design approach to subnetting. This appendix 
begins with a classful IPv4 network and asks why a particular mask might be chosen, 
and if chosen, what subnet IDs exist.
■
Appendix M, “Practice for Appendix L: Subnet Design”
■
Appendix N, “Variable-Length Subnet Masks,”
moves away from the assumption 
of one subnet mask per network to multiple subnet masks per network, which makes 
subnetting math and processes much more challenging. This appendix explains those 
challenges.
■
Appendix O, “Spanning Tree Protocol Implementation,”
shows how to configure 
and verify STP on Cisco switches.
■
Appendix P, “LAN Troubleshooting,”
examines the most common LAN switch-
ing issues and how to discover those issues when troubleshooting a network. The 
appendix includes troubleshooting topics for STP/RSTP, Layer 2 EtherChannel, LAN 
switching, VLANs, and VLAN trunking.
■
Appendix Q, “Troubleshooting IPv4 Routing Protocols,”
walks through the most 
common problems with IPv4 routing protocols, while alternating between OSPF 
examples and EIGRP examples.
■
Miscellaneous Appendixes
■
Appendix I, “Study Planner,”
is a spreadsheet with major study milestones, where 
you can track your progress through your study.
■
Appendix R, “Exam Topics Cross Reference,”
provides some tables to help you 
fi nd where each exam objective is covered in the book.
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