must,
not
have (got) to,
when we CONCLUDE that something (has) happened or
that something is true (see also Unit 17D):
• With that pile of papers on his desk, Tony
must
be wishing he'd never taken the job.
• The hall's packed. There
must
be about 2,000 people at the meeting.
However, in informal speech, we can use
have (got) to:
• Look at all those penguins. There's
got to
be about a million of them!
• You want to borrow more money from me? You've
got to
be joking!
When we give a negative conclusion we rarely use either
must not or hasn't / haven't got to.
Instead, we use
can't (cannot) or couldn't:
•
'I'm
seeing Dr Evans next week.'
can't
be right. He's on holiday then.'
• He wasn't there at the time.
It couldn't
have been his fault.
Must
has no other forms than the present tense (no past tense, no participles, etc.) and in past
tense sentences which say that it was necessary to do something, we use
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