Webster's New World Medical Dictionary

salpingo-oophorectomy
Surgical removal of the
fallopian tubes and ovaries. See also 
hysterectomy.
salt 1
Sodium chloride. Table salt. Certain con-
centrations of both sodium and chloride in the
blood are essential for normal body functions.
Sodium ingestion can elevate the blood pressure,
aggravate heart failure, or cause fluid retention in
Ss
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persons who are so inclined. 
2
An ionic crystalline
compound.
Salter-Harris fracture
See 
fracture, Salter-
Harris.
salvage therapy
A final treatment for people
who are not responsive to or cannot tolerate other
available therapies for a particular condition.
sample, random
See 
random sample.
Sandhoff disease
A genetic disorder with symp-
toms that are very similar to those of Tay-Sachs
disease (TSD) and that is characterized by accumu-
lation of fatty material called GM2 ganglioside in the
nerve cells of the brain. Symptoms begin around 6
months of age, with motor weakness, and progress
to include difficulties with swallowing and breath-
ing. Death usually occurs by age 3. Sandhoff disease
is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a
mutation in the gene for the beta subunit of hex-
osaminidase on chromosome 5. Unlike TSD, it is
most common in the non-Jewish population. See
also 
Tay-Sachs disease.
Sanfilippo syndrome
The most common disor-
der of mucopolysaccharide metabolism, a syn-
drome in which the onset of clinical abnormalities
occurs between ages 2 and 6, with mild coarsening
of the facial features (but normal clear corneas),
mild stiffening of the joints, slowing of growth, and
intellectual deterioration that results in severe mental
retardation. On a biochemical level, Sanfilippo syn-
drome is characterized by the excess excretion of
heparan sulfate in the urine and the accumulation of
mucopolysaccharides in the central nervous system
and other tissues. On the genetic level, there are four
types of Sanfilippo syndrome (types A, B, C, and D),
each due to deficiency of a different enzyme. All four
types are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner
and result in identical clinical syndromes. Also
known as mucopolysaccharidosis type III (MPS III).