Webster's New World Medical Dictionary

neuropathic pseudo-obstruction
See 
pseudo-
obstruction, neuropathic.
neuropathy
Any disease or malfunction of the
nerves.
neuropathy, accessory
See 
accessory neu-
ropathy.
neuropathy, diabetic
See 
diabetic neuropathy.
neuropathy, hypoglossal
See 
hypoglossal
neuropathy.
neuropsychologist
A psychologist who has
completed special training in the neurobiological
causes of brain disorders and who specializes in
diagnosing and treating these illnesses by using a
predominantly medical (as opposed to psychoana-
lytical) approach.
neurosurgeon
A physician who specializes in
surgery on the brain and other parts of the nervous
system.
neurosyphilis
Neurological complications in the
third (tertiary) and final phase of syphilis, which
involve the central nervous system and can include
psychosis, pain, and loss of physical control over a
variety of bodily functions. See also 
syphilis.
neurosyphilis, tabes
The slowly progressive
degeneration of the spinal cord that occurs in the
tertiary phase of syphilis, a decade or more after a
person contracts the infection. Among the features
of tabes neurosyphilis are sharp, lightning-like pain;
wobbliness (ataxia); deterioration of the optic
nerve, leading to blindness; urinary incontinence;
loss of the sense of position; and degeneration of
the joints. Also known as tabes dorsalis. See also
syphilis.
neurotoxic
Poisonous to nerves or nerve tissue.
neurotoxin
Any substance that is capable of
causing damage to nerves or nerve tissue. For exam-
ple, arsenic and lead are neurotoxins.
neurotransmitter
A chemical that is released
from a nerve cell which thereby transmits an
impulse from a nerve cell to another nerve, muscle,
organ, or other tissue. A neurotransmitter is a mes-
senger of neurologic information from one cell to
another.
neutropenia
A marked decrease in the number of
neutrophils, neutrophils being a type of white blood
cell (specifically a form of granulocyte) filled with
neutrally-staining granules, tiny sacs of enzymes that
help the cell to kill and digest microorganisms it has
engulfed by phagocytosis. The mature neutrophil has
a segmented nucleus (it is called a seg or poly) while
the immature neutrophil has a band-shape nucleus
(it is called a band). The neutrophil has a lifespan of
about 3 days. Neutropenia may be seen with viral
infections and after radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Neutropenia lowers the immunologic barrier to bac-
terial and fungal infection. See also 
agranulocytosis;
agranulocytosis, infantile genetic; granulocytope-
nia; severe congenital neutropenia.