Webster's New World Medical Dictionary

reproductive cloning
Cloning designed to create
new individuals, in contrast to the goal of therapeutic
cloning. This idea has stirred great controversy and
has met with almost uniform disapproval. See also
therapeutic cloning.
reproductive system
In women, the organs that
are directly involved in producing eggs and in con-
ceiving and carrying babies; in men, the organs
directly involved in creating, storing, and delivering
sperm to fertilize an egg.
research, controlled
A study that compares
results from a treated group and a control group.
The control group may receive no treatment, a
placebo, or a different treatment. See also 
blinded
study; double-blinded study.
resection
Surgical removal of part of an organ.
remedy
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reservoir, Ommaya
See 
Ommaya reservoir.
resident
In medicine, a physician who has fin-
ished medical school and is receiving training in a
specialized area, such as surgery, internal medicine,
pathology, or radiology. Board certification in all
medical and surgical specialties requires the satis-
factory completion of a residency program and suc-
cessful completion of a specialty board examination.
residual disease
A disease that has not been
fully eradicated.
resin, bile acid
See 
bile acid resin.
resistance
Opposition to something, or the abil-
ity to withstand something. For example, some
forms of the staphylococcus bacterium are resistant
to treatment with antibiotics.