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Thermopylae.
82


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Steam ships posed a growing threat to clippers, as their speed and cargo capacity increased. In
addition, the opening o f the Suez Canal in 1869, the same year that Cutty Sark was launched,
had a serious impact. While steam ships could make use o f the quick, direct route between the
Mediterranean and the Red Sea, the canal was o f no use to sailing ships, which needed the much
stronger winds o f the oceans, and so had to sail a far greater distance. Steam ships reduced the
journey time between Britain and China by approximately two months.
By 1878, tea traders weren’t interested in Cutty Sark, and instead, she took on the much less
prestigious work o f carrying any cargo between any two ports in the world. In 1880, violence
aboard the ship led ultimately to the replacement o f the captain with an incompetent drunkard
who stole the crew’s wages. He was suspended from service, and a new captain appointed. This
marked a tamaround and the beginning o f the most successful period in Cutty Sark's working
life, transporting wool from Australia to Britain. One such journey took just under 12 weeks,
beating every other ship sailing that year by around a month.
The ship’s next captain, Richard Woodget, was an excellent navigator, who got the best out o f
both his ship and his crew. A s a sailing shipCutty Sark depended on the strong trade winds o f the
southern hemisphere, and Woodget took her further south than any previous captain, bringing her
dangerously close to icebergs o ff the southern tip o f South America. His gamble paid off, though,
and the ship was the fastest vessel in the w ool trade for ten years.

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