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Advanced Standards
1.
Professional knowledge
: Advanced physical education teacher can-
didates come to understand disciplinary content knowledge, the 
application of content knowledge to teaching physical education, 
and modes of inquiry that form the bases for physical education pro-
grams and instruction.
2.
Professional practice
: Advanced physical education teacher candi-
dates (AC) use content knowledge and pedagogical content knowl-
edge (PCK) to design and conduct appropriate learning experiences 
that facilitate and enhance the growth of learners.
3.
Professional leadership
: Advanced physical education teacher candi-
dates are continuous, collaborative learners who further their own 
professional development and use their abilities to contribute to the 
profession.
SOURCE: Excerpted from NASPE, 2009a. 
in higher education institutions. Because of a lack of national tracking data 
on physical education graduates, the extent to which the teacher educator 
shortage has impacted and will impact the need to supply quality physical 
education teachers to the nation is unclear. 
Professional Development
In all educational settings, professional development for teachers 
and administrators is a continuous process of acquiring new knowledge and 
skills that relate to an educator’s profession or academic subject area, job 
responsibilities, or work environment. Professional development is essential 
for improving classroom instruction and student achievement (Ball and 

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Educating the Student Body: Taking Physical Activity and Physical Education to School
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