В пособии рассматриваются основные моменты английской грамматики: части речи имя существительное, имя прилагательное и наречие; видо-временные формы глагола; модальные глаголы; неличные формы глагола

V E R B A L S

THE INFINITIVE

1. Forms

This form expresses the notion of the verb in its general sense, not as it
applies to any particular subject. It is called ‘infinitive’ because its form is
not limited (Latin finis = limit), as a finite verb is, by the number and person
of its subject. There are the following forms of the Infinitive:


Active Passive
Simple to ask to be asked
Continuous to be asking --
Perfect to have asked to have been asked
Perfect Continuous to have been asking --

2. Infinitive without to

The bare infinitive is used in several different cases:
A. After the auxiliary verbs can (could), may (might), shall (should), will
(would), must, do
They could do it today. I may as well go now. I don’t work on Sundays.


B. After need and dare in negative sentences, except when they are conjugated
with do/did or will/would.
You needn’t say anything but You don’t/won’t need to say anything.
I dared not wake him but I didn’t/wouldn’t dare to wake him.
Note that affirmative modal forms of need and dare with the bare infinitive
are mainly used in a formal style:
I wonder if we need take special visas.
In informal usage we usually use the ordinary verb forms:
I wonder if we need to take special visas.


C. After let, make, hear, see, feel, watch, notice, have, help (it can be
followed by both full and bare infinitives)
They let them see the documents.
He made me move my car.
Have Mrs. Smith come in.
Could you help me unload the car?
But if these verbs are used in the passive voice, the infinitive takes to
He was seen to enter the room.
They were made to work.
Let in the passive is often replaced by another verb:
They let me know… would be replaced by I was told…
They let him see the documents by He was allowed to see them.