В пособии рассматриваются основные моменты английской грамматики: части речи имя существительное, имя прилагательное и наречие; видо-временные формы глагола; модальные глаголы; неличные формы глагола

2. Spelling Notes

A. Regular verbs
1. Verbs ending in e add d only: to love loved
2. The rules about doubling the final consonant when adding ing (see 2. B
above) apply also when adding ed:
admit, admitted stop, stopped travel, travelled
3. Verbs ending in y following a consonant change the y into i before adding
ed: carry, carried; try, tried
but y following a vowel does not change: play, played; obey, obeyed


B. Irregular verbs
The simple past form of each irregular verb must be learnt, but once this is
done there is no other difficulty. A list of irregular verbs will be found at the
end of the book.

3. Uses of the Past Simple Tense

It is used for actions completed in the past at a definite time. It is therefore
used:
a. for a past action when the time is given:
I met him yesterday. Her father died two years ago.
b. or when the time is asked about:
When did you meet him?
c. or when the action clearly took place at a definite time even though this
time is not mentioned:
How did you get your present job?
I bought this car in Berlin.
d. sometimes the time becomes definite as a result of a question and answer
in the present perfect:
Where have you been? - I’ve been to the opera. - Did you enjoy it?
e. the simple past tense is used for an action whose time is not given but
which occupied a period of time now finished:
My grandmother saw Queen Victoria. (Queen Victoria is dead now.)
He worked in that bank for four years. (but now he works in the
Ministry)

4. Used to Indicating Past Habit

A. used has no present forms.
Affirmative: used to for all persons
Negative and interrogative are formed with did:
I didn’t use to did you use to?