Uzbekistan state world languages university

The second factor is characterized as a period of the appearance of scientific
comparative works. Comparisons of
languages and linguistic units date back to
theancient period. Comparisons were
scripted in “Port Royal Grammar” where
ancient scholars such as Antoine
Arnauld,Claude Lancelot, analyzed
similarities and differences between
French, Latin, Greek and ancient Jewish
languages. They have found out that out of
these languages ancient Jewish language
did not share substantial similarity with
other languages. The Port Royal Grammar
was extremely popular and gave an impetus to therapid development of comparative
studies.
Until recent times, this book has been used in modern typology. N.
Kretsman pointed out this book’s importance and said: “In the last seven or eight





10

Vi'iirs the “Port Royal Grammar” has been discussed more often in the English

'*1 miking world than at any other time since its publication more than three
hundred years ago”
Comparative Typology that dealt with comparing of language units and
languages that did not share common root language played an important role in the
emerging and developing of this subject. Comparison of structural languages that
were not substantial also was crucial in the development of ComparativeTypology.
The third factor is the least common factor, which deals with studyingf
unknown languages and languages that do not have awriting system. Recently,
nn enormous bulk of researches has been done on languages in Latin America,
Afiln, Africa, Australia, Oceania and Eurasia that do not have awriting system.
'Undying these languages have influenced by comparing them to Indo-European
Itinguages and these investigations have influenced on typology greatly. Previous
H’tiearches focused oh genetic relation but new researches are focusing on
morphological similarities, classification, and other points.
The fourth factor is theinfluence of the translation and translation
л I lence. Translation is a quite ancient
science. When people started to translate _и - —
hum one language into another they
unconsciously compared two languages.
Unit is why they consider translation to be
I In* main part of typology. The influence of
linnslation to typology can be classified as
lollowings:

• 
  translation of fiction stories;
  
• 
  translation of grammatical forms;
  
• 
  translations that are done under the influence of mathematical
  linguistics.