Uzbekistan state world languages university Philology faculty

Uzbekistan state world languages university

Philology faculty

Presentation from Typology

Theme: Types of linguistic typology

Group: Fing 1820

Hamidova Munira

Plan:

• Paralinguistic typology
• Lexical typology
• Functional Typology
• Contensive Typology (typology of contents)
• Phraseological typology

Lexical typology

Lexical typology is a type of typological study of languages which reveals possible structural and semantic types of lexemes of languages, pointing out their isomorphic and allomorphic features and the factors preconditioning them. For example: aunt-амма-хола- тетя; uncle- амаки-тоға-дядя: father-in-law- қайнота-тесть; mother-in-law – қайнона- свекровь,

Contensive Typology (typology of contents)

Contensive typology studies types of contents expressed by language units and it is opposed to semantic typology which studies types of semantics in languages. As to the principle “from content to structure” the former studies the concrete content types which are the concrete realizations of the semantics that is typical. for example: I came here to work. I came here to rest. I came here to fight. I came here to live All these sentences have one and the same semantics of purpose which is typical, but their contents are totally different, though these contents are united by one semantics – purpose.

Functional Typology (FT)

Functional Typology (FT) Functional typology studies frequency of language units in speech and their usage for distinguishing certain objects (things, notions, relations, etc). So it studies language units typologically from the point of view of their role in the process of communication, that is of their functional features, revealing their isomorphic and allomorphic features, here the main principle being” from function to structure”..

Phraseological typology

There may also be such typologies as phraseological typology which studies phraseological units (called phraseologemes), stylistic typology which studies stylistic devices(called stylemes), textual typology that studies texts (called textemes) in languages in contact. Typological comparison of phraseological systems of languages is called phraseological typology.

Before getting down to comparative typology of phraseological units(idioms) of the compared languages, it is advisable to make the notion of a” phraseological system” of a language.

Textual typology

It is a common knowledge that language is a system, represented by language structures or units strictly related to the existing levels of language hierarchy. So it is traditional and habitual to speak of such language levels as phonological, morphological, lexical, syntactical ( phrasemic ans sentencemic), phraseological levels.

But when it comes to the so called “text(ual) level” and its unit some linguists are skeptical about the coexistence of the very textual level with the other levels and their whole, monolithic units like phonemes, morphemes, morphophonemes, lexemes, syntaxemes, and phraseologemes.

Paralinguistic typology

Typological comparison of paralinguistic means of languages is called paralinguistic typology. Such a typology studies paralinguistic(averbal) means of languages like the types of body language means, mimes, pantomimes, widely used in communication with purpose of establishing isomorphic and allomorphic features of the latter.

Thank you for attention!