Uygur, qaqauz, quzey

paTOBa (1 944-2003), a 
b 
^arecTaHe M yca Kyp-MaHajıneB (1894-
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(1 9 2 4 -1 9 9 0 ), TaM3aT Ä^acbirejiAHeB (1939-1 9 6 6 ), ÄHBapöeK
KyjiTaeB (1941), Kaflpnjı TeMypöyjıaTOBa (1 9 4 8 -1 9 7 8 ) 
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Ba, jıaypaT npeMHH HM.HacHMH M ypaT ÄBe30B 
(1951), Oapn^a
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(1966), 
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6 eK KyjiTaeB, BeKOHHKe KyjıyHnaKOBa, 
M yxaponn 
A n 6 eKH>KOB h 
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1970-1990 
r.r. HMejiH 3acjıyrH b pa3BHTHH HorancKOH jiHTe- 
paTypbi.
BeKÖHHKe KyjıyHAacaKOBa (1946), BanepHH Ka3aKOB (1948),
H ca KapaeB(1949) 
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paTypbi KaK cpeACTBO pynopa nponaraHAbi KoMMyHHC-THHecKon
napTHH, CAenajiH aKijeHT Ha ocBemeHHe BHyTpeHHero MHpa ne-
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(J)OJibKjıop, AacTaH 
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coBpeMeHHaa jiHTepaTypa.

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LITERATURE BY NOGAY
TURKS IN PAST AND PRESENT
Abstract: 
Some Nogay researchers claim the history of their 
literature start from Orkhon-Yenisey monuments. Although it is 
mentioned that oral and written literary works dating back to 
Middle Ages were created on the Nogay territory, yet the literary 
works created in the twentieth century still get more attention.
The Nogays who name the person as jirav, bahshi who tell 
sagas, as ertegishi who tell myths and fables and as sheshen who 
tell proverbs and tongue-twisters declare themselves the owner of 
the literary works created by Kipchaks. “Ahmet Adil Ulu”, 
“Edigey”, “Koplanli batir”, “Mamay”, “Shora Batir”, “Edil Sol- 
tan”, “Kirk Nogay batiri” are outstanding sagas of Nogay litera- 
ture. In 1830 Alexander Khodzko, polish by nationality, collected 
the saga “Edigey” from Ali Sharapov who was a Nogay from 
Hashtarkhan and published it in 1842 in London.
The researchers believe the Nogay folklore started being 
collected in the nineteenth century. Poet Sibra who wrote in the 
style of folk poem is considered to be one of the founders of 
modern written Nogay literature. After Sibra such poets as Pariz- 
dak Shaban ulu, Shal Kiyiz Tilenish ulu, Asan Kaygulu, Do- 
mambet Azayli, Jirenshe Sheshen, Kazi Tuan Suyunishin, Shaban 
and others lived in the fıfteenth-sixteenth centuries. Despite for- 
ced migrations, wars, imprisonments and exiles poets such as 
Fakhreddin Abushahman ulu (1808-83), Sadikbay Alkaydar 
(1811-76), Abulhalik Abdulrashid ulu (1858-1913), Aslan Shaban 
ulu (1858-1912), Baymirza Manap ulu (1888-1918), Aji Molla 
Noghman ulu (1884-1930), Taram Gumug ulu, Menkilisheyh Is- 
mayil ulu, Abdulkadir Bekbay ulu and others continued with the 
traditional poetry and created rich base for the creation of new 
Nogay literature through writing in the such genres as yirlau

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(poem), saga, tolkau (monologue), maktau (ode), munklau (ele-
gy)-
The Soviet period turned a new page in Nogay literature. Imi- 
tation of Russian literature under the name of mastering European 
methods and modernization began during that period. Though this 
process led to politicization of Nogay literature and separated it 
from neighboring Turkic languages, at the same time it played an 
important role in the development of Nogay literary language. 
Young people like Absulxamit Canıbekov (1879-1955), Basir 
Abdullin (1892-1937), Musa Kirmanaliyev (1894-1972) and Zeit 
Kaybeliyev (1898-1979) who newly entered the world of litera- 
ture tried to actualize class struggle and renew traditional poetry. 
Asan (Khasan) Bulatikov (1907-37) founded drama with his play 
“Fatimat” in 1936. Alongside with this, the works by Basir Abdu- 
lin such as “Dushmen yenildi” (The enemy is defeated) and “Bat- 
rak” which were written in 1932 and “Emeyin yendiyi zaman” 
(When labor defeats) which was written in 1934 formed Nogay 
prose.
Literary and scientifıc centers of the Nogays started func- 
tioning in the Republics of Karachay-Cherkez and Daghistan. 
Poets and writers such as Abdulrehman Umarov(1867-1933) Ab- 
sulxamit Canıbekov(1879-1955), Fazil Abduljelilov (1913-74), 
Salekhjan Zalyandin (1924-73), Soyun Karayev (1927-2001), 
Magomet Kirimov (1927), Janpolat Turkmenov (1935), Askerbiy 
Kireyev (1938), Guljamal Mirzayeva (1940), Keldikhan Kumra- 
tova (1944-2003) emerged in Karachay-Cherkez and Musa Kur- 
manaliyev (1894-1972). Zeit Kaybaliyev (1898-1979), Kuruptur- 
sun Orazbayev (1924-90), Gamzat Ajigeldiyev (1939-66), Anvar- 
bek Kultayev (1941), Kadriya Temirbulatova (1948-79) and 
others emerged in Daghistan.
The 1970-90s poetry exquisitely treats historical topics in the 
works by such Karachay-Cherkez folk poets as Keldikhan Kum-

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ratova, Murat Avezov (1951) -laureate of Nesimi, Kadriya Te- 
mirbulatova, Askarbiy Kireyev, Muharbiy Aubekigyev, Ajdat 
Naymanov (1942), Farida Sidahmetova (1966), Salimat Mayli- 
bayeva, Magamedali Hasanov, Magamet Kosayev, Argrntin Ayi- 
bov, Srajdin Batirov(1951-92) and frames up epic and lyrical saga 
genres. The revival of traditional genres and classical elements is 
an ongoing process in Nogay poetry.
Such professional poets and writers as Bekbiyke Kuluncha- 
kova (1946), Valeri Kazakov (1948), Isa Garayev (1949) tried to 
present literature as the way of bringing light into the inner world 
of humans by keeping it away from sloganism and publicity of 
the communist party.