Historical development and significant events of literary processes of the Great Britain and the USA. Impact of the Great Britain and American Literature to the development of the World Literature.
LITERATURE OF THE MIDDLE AGES
Main directions of the English Literature in the Early Middle ages and its influence to the development of the English language. German tribes and the Englishmen. Social system and cultural life. Celt tribes. The invasion of the Roman Empire and the Anglo-Saxons, Jutes. English literature of the V-VI centuries. The Ancient and the Early Middle Ages Anglo-Saxon Literature (I-X). “Beowulf” and mythological analyze of the folk ides on the basis of the materials of the folklore.
The role of the Christian scribers in the creation of the epos. Social life and literature of the VIII-X centuries. Norman invasion of the Great Britain in the XI-XIII centuries and its expression in literature.
2
2
THE EARLY RENAISSANCE PERIOD
The early Renaissance period culture and the notion Literature of the Middle Ages. The place of cultural and antique heritage in the middle ages.
Social and ideological conflicts during the XIV century national reactions and its expression in literature.Geoffrey Chaucer – an artist who generalized democratic traditions of the Middle Ages literature. The bard of the early Renaissance period literature. Realistic expression of life in “Canterbury Tales” by Geoffrey Chaucer. Creative work of William Langland and the English Realism. Expression and idealization of the image of peasants in “The Visions of William Concerning Piers the Ploughman”
2
3
THE RENAISSANCE PERIOD LITERATURE*
Literature of the Western Europe. The Age of Renaissance in England. Thomas More as a representative of the English Renaissance Literature. “Utopia”by Thomas More.
Creation and development of drama and theatre. Creative work of Francis Bacon and Christopher Marlowe.
The worldwide importance of the literary activity of the great English writer William Shakespeare. Shakespeare’s biography, periods of his artistic development. The problem of historical events and resources of the plots of Shakespearean works.
Shakespearean sonnets and comedies. Reflection of lifestyle and life-giving peculiarities in the comedies.
2
4
SHAKESPEARE’S TRAGEDIES AND HISTORICAL DRAMAS
Shakespeare’s chronicles and tragical works. “Romeo and Juliette” – the novel about the great human love which conquered the middle ages fanaticism. Contradictions of social forces – the basis of the tragedy. Personal tragedy of the hero as the social conflict of the period. “Hamlet”, “Othello”, “King Lear” – a new period in the activity of Shakespeare. Social, historical philosophy and psychological problems of the tragedy. Historical events and literary composition in the works of Shakespeare. A great number of ideas and images, realism and nationality in the creative work of William Shakespeare. Shakespeare's historical dramas and their role in the history of Great Britain.
2
5
ENGLISH LITERATURE OF THE XVII CENTURY
Creative work of Ben Johnson. Expression of the idea of struggle against absolute government in the tragedies “Sejanus His Fall” (Sejunus’s Fall), and “Catiline His Conspiracy” (Catiline’s Conspiracy). Satiric image of the English governing circles in the comedies by Ben Johnson. The comedy “The Alchemist”.
2
6
THE INFLUENCE OF THE RESTORATION PERIOD TO THE LITERATURE.
Creative work of John Milton. Expression of political events in the epic poem “Paradise lost”. Contradictions in Milton’s outlook. His high appreciation of antique culture. Struggle against the evil in “Paradise Regained”. Actual matters of the time in the work ''Samson-Agonistes''. Influence of religious sources to the creative work of John Milton.
Significant works and literary heritage of John Dryden. The description of social events in the poem ''Annus Mirabilis''. Satirical works of the writer: “Absalom and Achitophel”, “Mac Flecknoe
2
7
XVIII CENTURY ENGLISH ENLIGHTENMENT LITERATURE
Peculiarities of the Age of Enlightenment in the English Literature. Development of Journalism. Two directions of the Enlightenment. Daniel Defoe – fighter for literary reality. Defoe- the creator of realistic novels. Educational importance of the work ''Robinson Crusoe''. Journalistic activity of Daniel Defoe, his fair descriptions of ugly life of society. Peculiarities of the literary methodology of Daniel Defoe. Defoe's novels as the main stage in the development of novel.
Jonathan Swift – the greatest literary critic and creator of the XVIII century. Swift’s aesthetic views. The problem of nation in the creative work of Jonathan Swift. Swift and satire. Novel “Gulliver’s travels” - as a critical work summarizing the English life. Attitude of author to the ugly traditions of the sovereign authority, politics of the government, science and culture. Swift’s ideal and the image of Gulliver. Realistic basis of Swift’s fantasy.
2
8
MATURE PERIOD ENLIGHTEMENT LITERATURE
Last period of the Enlightenment Literature in Great Britain.
Creative activity of Henry Fielding. Fielding as the master of novel genre. The problems of positive characters and images in the works of Fielding. The image of Tom Jones. Aspiration for disclosure the characters at development by contrast. Exploring the character through contradictions and development. Principles of plot building and typification in the novels of Fielding.
The importance of T. Smollett’s creative activity at the development of English realistic novel. Deepening of satirical means in his works.
Beginning of sentimentalism. Creative work of Samuel Richardson and Laurence Sterne. Creative work of Richard Briensley Sheridan and his comedies.
2
9
ENGLISH ROMANTICISM OF THE XIX CENTURY
Romanticism in the English literature and its peculiarities. Robert Burns – a great Scottish poet and his creative activity. William Blake’s poetry and his role in the English literature. Blake's creative philosophical activity.
“Lake school” and “The English revolutionary romanticism». Literary innovation of Lakists. Creative activity of William Wordsworth, Samuel Coleridge and Robert Southey main ideas and essence of their poetry.
REPRESENTATIVES OF PROGRESSIVE ROMANTICISM
Historical roots of the progressive romanticism and its representatives. George Gordon Byron’s life and creative activity. Revolutionary romantic views about the national liberation movement in Europe in the novel “Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage”, its political importance. Byron’s literary innovation in the works "Oriental Tales" and “Don Juan”. Romanticism and realism. Creative work of Percy Bysshe Shelley and John Keats.
Walter Scott – the founder of the historical novel. Expression of global historical events in the relations between England, Scotland and European continent in his works. Peculiarities of the novel “Ivanhoe”, “The Talisman”
Life and creative work of Jane Austen. The matter of women status and their role in the society in the novels by Jane Austen
2
10
SOCIAL REALISM IN GREAT BRITAIN IN ХIХ
Realism as the leading method in the English literature in 30-40ss of the XIX century. Formation of the notion “Victorian Age Literature”.
Charles Dickens – the great representative of the English Critical realism. Periods of Charles Dickens’ literary activity. Charles Dickens’ aesthetic views and democratic tendencies in his creative work. Charles Dickens’ early novels. “Sketches by Boz” and «The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club». Dickens – the humorist. Social matters in «Oliver Twist» and «Nicholas Nickleby». Dickens’ journey to America and its reflection in the creative work of the writer (“American Notes” and “Martin Chuzzlewit”. Dickens and Chartism. “The Christmas Stories” and the novel “Dombey and Son”. Social novels of the writer at the beginning of the 50-ss. (“Bleak House”, “Hard Times”, “Little Dorrit”).
Periods of the literary career of William Thackeray. Humour in the works of William Thackeray. “Vanity Fair” – as a novel without hero. English society in “Henry Esmond”, “Newcomes” and other works.
Creative activity of Willkie Collins. “The Moonstone”, “The Woman in White”.
Poetry during the Victorian Age. Poetry of Alfred Tennyson and Robert Browning.
2
11
BRITISH WOMAN WRITERS OF THE XIX CENTURY
Role of women writers in the development of the English Realism. Sisters Bronte (“Jane Eyre”, “The Tenant of Wildfell Hall”, “Agnes Grey”). Elizabeth Gaskell’s novels (“Mary Barton”, “North and South “, ‘Women and Girls”). George Eliot’s creative work. (“The Mill on the Floss”, “Middlemarch: A Study of Provincial Life”). New expression of the image of woman. Place and status of the English woman in the society. The image of the Victorian woman. Reflection of social problems of the period
2
12
ENGLISH LITERATURE AT THE END OF XIX AND THE BEGINNING OF XX CENTURY.
The last period of the Victorian Age. Life and creative activity of Thomas Hardy. Depression and fatality in his works. Urban life and behavior in his novels.
Development of the English detective genre. Artur Conan Doyle’s contribution to the development of this genre.
Literature of the Edwardian period. Development of new directions in the literature of Great Britain. Main ideas of the Aesthetic movement. Reflection of the motto “Art for art’s sake” in the creative activity of Oscar Wilde.
Social-philosophical fantasy of Herbert George Wells. His works “Time Machine”, “Invisible Man”, “The War of the Worlds”.
Rudyard Kipling. Creative role and bravery of the Human. Literary importance of the "The Jungle Book", “Kim”, “The light that failed”. Didactic importance of the poem “If”.
XX CENTURY BRITISH LITERATURE
John Galsworthy and the novel “Forsyte Saga”. Realism traditions of the XIX century in the creative work of the writer. Description of social life in the novels of the first half of the XX century.
A new period in the English Drama. Literary critical activity of Bernard Show. Expression of war and anticolonial emotions in the creative work of B. Show. Bernard Show and the Fabian society. Bernard Show and “National Theatre”. Drama of Bernard Show (“Plays Pleasant”, “Plays Unpleasant”, “Three Plays for Puritans”). Language learning and pure language in the play
“Pygmalion”
2
13
XX CENTURY BRITISH LITERATURE
John Galsworthy and the novel “Forsyte Saga”. Realism traditions of the XIX century in the creative work of the writer. Description of social life in the novels of the first half of the XX century.
A new period in the English Drama. Literary critical activity of Bernard Show. Expression of war and anticolonial emotions in the creative work of B. Show. Bernard Show and the Fabian society. Bernard Show and “National Theatre”. Drama of Bernard Show (“Plays Pleasant”, “Plays Unpleasant”, “Three Plays for Puritans”). Language learning and pure language in the play “Pygmalion”
2
14
BRITISH LITERATURE DURING WORLD WARS I AND II.
Influence of the World War I and II to the literature. Development of new literary movement at that period. Modernism in arts and literature. Types, methods and main ideas of Modernism.
The notion “Lost generation”.Richard Aldington and his work “Death of a Hero”, devoted to the “Lost generation”. Attitude of the writer to the World War I. Ideas of humanism and peacefulness in the autobiographic novel by Vera Brittain “Testament of Youth”. Anti-war poetry of Rupert Brooke, Ziegfried Sassoon, Wilfred Owen.
James Joyce and the development of modernism. The use of new descriptive means in the creative work of Virginia Woolf. Modernist poetry in the creative work of T. Eliot.
Life and creative work of Somerset Maugham. Influence of modernism to the creative work of Somerset Maugham. Realism and naturalism in his works. Somerset Maugham – a short story writer.
Development of the anti-utopian novel. Social life expression in the “Brave New World” by Aldous Huxley and “Animal Farm” by George Orwell
2
15
DEVELOPMENT OF THE BRITISH LITERATURE AFTER THE WORLD WAR II
British Literature after the World War II. The notion ‘postmodernism’.
Influence of the creative work of Charles Percy Snow to the English literature. Description of social matters.
Representatives of the existential philosophy – William Golding, Iris Murdock, Muriel Spark, John Fowles. Realism and modern ideology in the creative methodology of William Golding. Existential philosophy in the creative work of iris Murdock.
“Anticolonial Novel” in the English Literature (James Aldridge, Norman Lewis). ‘Working class literature” and Sid Chaplin, Alan Sillitoe. “Angry young Men”. Creative problems of John Wain, G.Brain.
Graham Greene, peculiarities of the novels “The Quiet American” and “The Comedians”.
2
16
THE MODERN ENGLISH LITERATURE
Development peculiarities of the English Literature at the end of ХХ and the beginning of the XXI century. Development of the Neovictorian literature. (John Fowles, А. Bayett, James Rice, Peter Ackroyd, Charles Palliser and others).
Development of fantasy. Creative work of J.R.R.Tolkien, C.S.Lewis and J.K.Rowling.
Poetry of this period. Works of the “Liverpool poets”. (Brian Patten, Adrian Henri, Roger McGough). Poets of “The movement” (Philip Larkin, E.Jennings and others)
Matter of attitude of women writers of new generation to the image of woman. Creative work of Doris Lessing, Kate Atkinson, Margaret Drabble and Susan Hill.
Nobel Prize laureates of different periods in the English Literature.
Notions ‘English literature’ and ‘Literature in English’. Kazuo Ishiguro, Salman Rushdie and Hanif Kureishi as representatives of the English multicultural literature.
Development of the English Literature at the beginning of XXI century. Works of David Mitchell and Zadie Smith.
2
17
MODULE 2. LITERATURE OF THE USA. COLONIAL PERIOD LITERATURE.
American literature and its place in the World Culture. Historical development characteristics of America and the problem of nationalism of the American Literature. Periods in the American Literature. Literature of the 17th – 18th centuries and its characteristic features.
Folklore examples of the Indian tribes.
The end of colonization period on the American continent in the XVIII century. Liberation movement in North America. Struggle for independence and for creating USA and its reflection in literature.
Culture of the local inhabitants. Beginning of national American literature. Importance of European traditions and enlightenment philosophy for the American literature.
2
JAMI
34
SEMINAR MASHG’ULOTLARI MAZMUNI
VI-SEMESTR 171-Ingliz
#
BOBLAR BO‘YICHA MA’RUZALAR NOMI VA MAZMUNI
SOAT
SANA Rejada
SANA Amalda
IMZO
1
AMERICAN ENLIGHTENMENT PERIOD LITERATURE.
Peculiarities of American Enlightenment Period literature (1776-1820). Enlightenment Journalism.
Poetry principles of the first national poet of the USA Philip Freneau. Harmony of Classicism and romanticism traditions in his creative work. “The House of Night”. Creative work of Charles Brockden Brown. (“Edgar Huntly”).
Activity and publicism of northern enlighteners. Benjamin Franklin – a great American philosopher, scientist. The novel “Poor Richard's Almanack” and the development of the didactic genre. Struggle for independence in the pamphlet by Thomas Paine “Common Sense”.
2
2
ROMANTICISM AND TRANSCENDENTALISM IN THE AMERICAN LITERATURE.
Early romanticism. Works of Washington Irving, Fennimore Cooper and their characteristic features. Literary romance of the American past in the creative work of Washington Irving. ("Rip Van Winkle"). Peculiarities of Irving’s romanticism. Creative work of James Fennimore Cooper (“The Spy”, “The Pioneers”, “The Last of Mohicans”) Peculiarities of his romantic methodology. Collection of novels “Leather-Stocking Tales”. Social novels of James Fennimore Cooper in 40-50-ss.
The notion “Gothic literature”. Creative work of Edgar Allan Poe, periods of his activity. Pessimism, fear of the social life of America in 30-40ss, expressed in Edgar Allan Poe stories and poems. Contribution of the author to the development of ‘gothic literature’.
Creative work of Nathaniel Hawthorne and expression of the American past. (“The Scarlet Letter”).
Creative work of Herman Melville. The novel “Moby-Dick”. The role of the philosophic symbol in the novel. Creative methodology of Herman Melville.
Boston Transcendentalism School”. Creative work of Henry David Thoreau and Ralph Waldo Emerson. Expression of the belief to individual competence in the poetry of the authors. Harmony between nature and human. Characteristics of the creative methodology of Walt Whitman. His methodological innovations, implemented in the American poetry. Connection with the folklore. Characteristics of the creative methodology of Walt Whitman. His methodological innovations, implemented in the American poetry. Connection with the folklore. Main themes and literary forms of the creative work of Walt Whitman. Collection “Leaves of Grass”. Methodological characteristics of the creative work of the poet. Main topics in the poetry of Emily Dickinson and Margarett Fuller.
2
3
ABOLITIONISM IN THE AMERICAN LITERATURE
The term ‘Abolitionism’. Harriet Beecher Stowe and her novel “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”. Criticism of racial discrimination and slavery. The American Civil War between the North and the South and its reflection in literature.
Literary activity and world outlook of Henry Longfellow. Criticism of racial discrimination and slavery. The Indian topic in the novels “Poems on Slavery” and “The Song of Hiawatha”. Nature in the poetry of Longfellow.
2
4
REALISM IN THE AMERICAN LITERATURE AT THE END OF XIX AND THE BEGINNING OF XX CENTURIES
Realism. Romantic features in realism at the beginning of XX. Struggle of directions of the American Literature “On the Verge of Centuries”.
Realism of William Dean Howells and Henry James.
Life and creative work of Mark Twain. Reflection of folklore traditions in his early works. Periods of Mark Twain’s literary activity. Mark Twain's novels about Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn and development of Critical Realism in the USA. Twain – critic of feudalism. (“Prince and Pauper”). Mark Twain about romanticism and realism. (“Fennimore Cooper’s literary offences”). The novel “A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court” and its genre peculiarities. Mark Twain’s satire, its evolution. Contradictions in his latest creative years.
O’Henry as a master of short story. Peculiarities of writer’s creative work. Description of social life and virtue in his works.
Periods of the literary career of Jack London. “North Stories”. Writer’s contradictions in world outlook. “Martin Eden” as an autobiographic novel. Naturalism at the end of XIX century. The role of Frank Norris and Stephen Crane in the development of the American Literature. The topic of human and society.
2
5
AMERICAN LITERATURE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY.
Literary career of Theodore Dreiser and the development of the XX century American Realism.
Literary innovation of Theodore Dreiser (“An American Tragedy“, “Sister Carrie”, “Jennie Gerhardt”).
Life and creative work of John Reed. The novel “Ten days that shook the world”.
Social realism in the USA in 20-ss. Creative work of Upton Sinclair and Sinclair Lewis, expressing of the American life in their works. Main ideas and problems in the novel by Upton Sinclair “The Jungle”. Sinclair Lewis and his novels “Main Street” and “Babbitt”.
Kate Chopin’s description of women’s life in her novels. XX CENTURY “LOST GENERATION” LITERATURE.
American Modernism. World War I in the creative work of Ernest Hemingway. Hemingway as a bard of “The Lost generation”. The novel “Farewell to arms”. The principle “Meaning under the text” – ‘Iceberg Theory’. The last period in the creative work of Hemingway. “The Old Man and the Sea”.
F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel “The Great Gatsby”. Psychological novel and American literary traditions in the creative work of Sh. Anderson.
Dos Passos and the trilogy “The USA”. The topic ‘South’ in the American literature.
Peculiarities of the creative work of William Faulkner. “The Snopes Trilogy”. South, psychology, time problems in the novels of William Faulkner.
Economic crisis of the 30ss and literature. “The Great Depression” Literature. Despair and expression of ‘hope’ in the creative work of John Steinbeck. Erskine Preston Caldwell and his stories.
2
6
DEVELOPMENT OF AFRO-AMERICAN LITERATURE DURING THE XX CENTURY
Renaissance in Harlem in 1910-1930. Struggle of Afro-American writers for their rights and their creative work. Social movements of Afro-American writers. Creative work of “Claude” McKay, Booker T.Washington, Langston Hughes and Zora Hurston
Creative work of Afro-American writers and evolution of main topics in the 2nd half of XX century. Racial discrimination in the works of Richard Wright, James Baldwin, Ralph Ellison.
Tony Morrison - new generation writer. International fame of Tony Morrison’s works. The novel “The Bluest Eye”. The problem of black people’s self-realization in complex and deep moral novels. Solving the problem of relations between the Black and The White in the creative work of Morrison (“Beloved”).Novels, short stories and poetry of Maya Angelou. REALISM AFTER THE WORLD WAR II
Youth movements in 50-60ss. The issue of youth in the novels of “Beat generation” Penn Warren, Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginzberg, J.D Salinger.
Creative work of war participants – Irving Shaw, James Jones, Norman Mailer, Kurt Vonnegut, Joseph Heller – description of World War II.
Development of non-fiction novel. Non-fiction of Truman Capote and the novel “In Cold Blood”.
2
7
AMERICAN DRAMA, FANTASY AND DETECTIVE GENRES IN THE XX CENTURY
Description of social life in the XX century drama. Drama of Eugene O’Neill, Edward Albee, Arthur Miller, Tennessee Williams, Lilian Hellman, Samuel Shepard.
Development of the American science fiction. Social themes in the scientific fantasy of Ray Bradbury, Isaak Asimov, Stephen King.
Detective novels. Contribution of Samuel Hammett and Ursula K.Le Guin to the development of the modern american detective genre. New detective image. Creative work of John Grisham.
2
8
WOMEN WRITERS IN THE AMERICAN LITERATURE
Contribution of Eudora Welty, Joice Carol Oates, Alice Walker to the development of the American literature. Laureate poet of the US Rita Dove’s works. The description of dreams and failures of trustworthy people in the works of modern novelists Jamaica Kingside, Toni Cade Bambara and Walker.
THE MODERN AMERICAN LITERATURE.
Modern American literature. The matter of creative trends, style and proficiency.Creative activities of J. Gardner, J. Updike, Saul Bellow, Charles Wright and J. Graham.
Representatives of ‘multicultural literature’ in the USA. Indian American literature, Chinese American literature, Jewish American literature, Latin American Literature (Chicano literature) and others.
