Упражнения и задания по грамматике

Examining the work of Government. Both the Lords and the Commons examine the work of the Government on behalf of the public. They do this by asking the Government questions, by debate and through committees of inquiry.
Controlling finance. Only the House of Commons can give per­mission for the Government to collect taxes. The House of Com­mons decides what taxes shall be collected and how the money shall be spent.
Protecting the individual. Members of Parliament (Members of the House of Commons) protect the rights of the individual. Each Member of Parliament represents the people of a certain area. Bri­tain is divided into 659 of these areas, known as constituencies.
Hearing appeals. The House of Lords is a Court of Justice, the highest Court of Appeal in Britain.
* Executive. The Government consists of the ministers appointed by the Crown on the recommendation of the Prime Minister. The Prime minister is appointed directly by the Crown and is the leader of the political party which has a majority of seats in the House of Com­mons. The Prime Minister is the head of the Government, he is al­ways a Member of the House of Commons. He consults and advises the Monarch on government business, supervises and coordinates the work of the various ministers and departments in the House of Commons. He also makes recommendations to the Monarch on many important public appointments.
The most senior members of the Government are known as the Cabinet. The Cabinet is the nucleus of the Government. All major decisions of the Government are made by the Cabinet, and therefore it is the Cabinet which forms Government policy.
Who chooses the Cabinet? Members of the Cabinet are chosen by the Prime Minister. The majority of the members of the Cabinet are drawn from the House of Commons. Nevertheless there are always a few members from the House of Lords. He selected a team of Ministers to serve in his Government. A Cabinet must be large enough to include senior ministers. There is no limit on the size of the Cabinet but the number of salaried Secretaries of state is limited to 21. Cabinet meetings are usually held on a Thursday morning in the Cabinet room at 10 Downing Street.

Departments and ministers are run by civil servants, who are permanent officials. Even if the Government changes after an elec­tion, the same civil servants are employed.

The United Kingdom has no Ministry of Justice. Responsibility for the administration of the judicial system in England and Wales is di­vided between the courts themselves, the Lord Chancellor, and the Home Secretary. The Lord Chancellor is responsible for the compo­sition of the courts, civil law, parts of criminal procedure and law reform in general; the Home Secretary is responsible for the preven­tion of criminal offences, trial and treatment of offenders and for the prison service.


Find words and expressions in the text which mean:
1. body of persons governing a State;
2. choosing or selection (of candidates for an office, etc.) by vote;
3. the inhabitants of an electoral district;
4. laws enacted by lawmaking body;
5. a person with the right to sit in the House of Lords;
6. a charge by the government on the income of an individual, corporation, or on the value of an estate or gift or property.


Answer the following questions:
1. What is the Government?
2. Who are the Cabinet?
3. Who chooses the Government?
4. What is the House of Lords?
5. What is the House of Commons?
6. Who is the Prime Minister?
7. What does Parliament do?
8. What is the highest Court in Britain?