прямое падение напряжения, плотность тока.
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май, 2021 г.
93
sapphire substrate with a high-resistance buffer layer of
gallium nitride with a thickness of 1.5 microns (the so-
called template substrate) by chemical deposition from
the gas phase using organometallic compounds.
The technological process of manufacturing diodes
consisted of four stages, including ion-beam etching of
the mesastructure, the creation of ohmic contact with the
active layer, the formation of a Schottky barrier at the
border with the n-layer, passivation and protection of the
crystal surface with a dielectric film. Ion-beam etching
with
Ar
+
ions was used to form mesa insulation. Tita-
nium obtained by magnetron sputtering was used as a
mask. The etching rate of gallium nitride with this
method is about 6 nm / min, and the selectivity with re-
spect to the mask is 6:1.
Two methods were used to create low-resistance
ohmic contacts. The first is a local increase in the doping
level by ion implantation of the impurity in gallium ni-
tride [2]. Silicon ion doping was performed at the Vesu-
vius-1 facility with an energy of 50 keV and a dose of
10
15
sm
−2
. In order to eliminate the effect of ion chan-
neling, doping was carried out at a sample tilt of 7°. The
impurity was activated by annealing in a nitrogen atmos-
phere at 900°C for an hour. Under such doping condi-
tions, a profile with a maximum concentration of 2·10
17
was obtained
sm
−3
.at a depth of 0.2 microns. Then the
contacts were formed on the basis of the Ti/Al/Ni/Au
metallization system.
The second method is based on the introduction of
a tantalum layer into the traditionally used metallization
system [3]. Using a tantalum layer allows you to im-
prove the quality of the ohmic contact formed to the
high-resistance layer of gallium nitride [4]. The contacts
in both cases were made using contact "explosive" pho-
tolithography followed by annealing in a nitrogen at-
mosphere. Schottky contacts with an area of 9
∙ 10
−4
sm
2
were formed on the basis of a Ni/Au system with a
thickness of 20 nm and 150 nm, respectively. At the fi-
nal stage, the crystal surface was passivated with a film
SiO2 obtained by plasma chemical deposition. In the
course of the work, experimental samples of diode crys-
tals with a size of 600×600 microns were made and stud-
ied. The measurements were carried out on a semi-auto-
matic probe station Cascade Microtech 12000S. The
Agilent B1500A semiconductor device performance
meter was used to monitor the DC parameters.
The quality of three different variants of ohmic con-
tacts was evaluated. First of all, traditional metallization
based on the Ti/Al/Ni/Au system, formed on a high-re-
sistance layer of gallium nitride, was used. In another
variant, the same system was used, but with additional
sub-editing of the contact areas. In the third option a tan-
talum sublayer was applied, resulting in five layers of
Ta/Ti/Al/Ni/Au. The current-voltage characteristics of
the listed contact systems are shown in Fig.1. As can be
seen from Figure 1, the Ta/Ti/Al/Ni/Au metallization
system has the lowest resistance. The contact resistance
was estimated using the Transmission Length Method.
The result is the following values of the specific contact
resistance: Ti/Al/Ni/Au system (without sub — alloy-
ing) — 9.9·
10
−3
Ohm·
𝑠𝑚
2
; Ti/Al/Ni/Au (with sub —
alloying)
-
4.5·10
−6
Ohm·𝑠𝑚
2
;
Ta/Ti/Al/Ni/Au-
1.6·10
−6
Ohm·
𝑠𝑚
2
.
a) b)
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