Universum: технические науки

II. Improving the efficiency of energy systems. 
The efficiency of energy systems in their long-term 
functioning, to a large extent depends on the chosen 
structural scheme, design, materials, accepted ways of 
exploitation and utilization of energy sources [1]. 
Currently widely used structural diagram energy 
systems and facilities without the implementation of 
extreme regulatory regime of its power [2]. In such 
stand-alone solar power plants are mainly used simple 
temperature controllers, current, voltage, charge and 
discharge the battery, and others. To increase the 
coefficient of energy efficiency of a solar power plant of 
not less than 30-50% is possible by the following main 
ways [3]: 
•
implementation of the mode of selection of hot 
water or power; 
•
implementation of continuous automatic tracking 
of a solar collector or photovoltaic panels with the Sun; 
•
optimization design of the solar cell with the aim 
of achieving a minimum heating of the solar cells. 
•
design optimization of heat sink and its thermal 
insulation to achieve minimum heat loss and maximum 
heat performance.
The effect of the implementation of the mode of 
power regulation of solar installations depends on the 
range of variation of the operating temperature of a solar 
power plant. Solar installations are used in widely 
varying operating conditions. They are strongly 
influenced by the environment. Their performance 
characteristics are nonlinearity and instability.

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№ 10 (91)
октябрь, 2021 г. 
83 
Implementation of automatic tracking solar plants 
follow the Sun, is the most effective way to improve 
energy efficiency of power plants. 
From a preliminary analysis of energy efficiency of 
systems of automatic tracking of the Sun is that the 
efficiency for Fergana relative to the horizontal location 
of solar collectors is: 
•
when placing the solar collector at an angle equal 
to the latitude location where you are installing the solar 
installation – 40%; 
•
when using single-axis system for solar tracking 
62 percent; 
•
if you use dual-axis tracking system the Sun is 71%. 
The average for various regions of Uzbekistan 
energy efficiency through the use of systems for 
tracking the Sun increases by 11% for single-axis 
systems and 26% for biaxial. 
The feasibility of optimizing the design of solar 
collectors with the aim of improving the energy 
efficiency ratio is due to the sensitivity of the heat of 
solar units to the temperature. With increasing 
temperature of the heat efficiency of solar installations, 
and most other solar plants, is reduced. It is therefore 
necessary to take all measures to optimize the operating 
temperature of the heat sink and its thermal insulation.
Stepping method of search of extremum power is 
most suitable for use in standalone solar power plants, 
since approval extreme regulator with automatic shut-
off valve operating temperature of the coolant or the 
charger is carried out simply by a discrete adjustment of 
the feedback circuit to the channel voltage of the solar 
battery.
The regulator of any extreme performance (analog-
to-digital, digital, microprocessor) hardly increases the 
weight control apparatus has small power consumption 
and increases the efficiency of the solar installation to a 
maximum value [1, 4].