Unit IX. Future trends

HEMIS TASKS
TASK 5
SCORE-5
UNIT IX. FUTURE TRENDS.

LESSON 26: Breakthroughs in technology choice. IT products.

APPENDIX 1
READING.Read the text and do following tasks
Translation
Yangi jahon savdo bitimi IT mahsulotlarini arzonlashtiradi. 50 dan ortiq mamlakatlar 200 ta IT mahsulotiga import bojlarini bekor qiladi. Kelishuvni Yevropa Ittifoqi, Xitoy, Yaponiya, Janubiy Koreya, AQSh va boshqa davlatlar imzoladi. Bu smartfonlar, kameralar, siyoh kartrijlari, video o'yin konsollari va hatto sun'iy yo'ldoshlarga ta'sir qiladi. Keyingi to'rt yil ichida import bojlari olib tashlanadi. Bu 1,3 trillion dollarlik savdoga ta'sir qiladi. Bu butun jahon savdosining qariyb 7 foizini tashkil qiladi.
Bitim dunyo uchun yaxshi bo'ladi. Bu iste'molchilar uchun ham, kompaniyalar uchun ham yaxshi bo'ladi. Mamlakatlar eng yaxshi echimlarni topish uchun qattiq harakat qildilar. Bitim iste'molchilar va biznes uchun xarajatlarni kamaytiradi. Bu, ayniqsa, kichik kompaniyalar uchun yaxshi bo'ladi. Yevropa Ittifoqi kelgusi bir necha yil ichida ko'proq davlat imzolashiga umid qilmoqda. Unda shunday deyilgan edi: “Dunyo boʻylab mamlakatlar barcha manfaatli yechimlarga erishish uchun birgalikda harakat qilishlari mumkin”.

Task 1. Fill in the gaps using the text

A new world trade agreement will make IT products cheaper. Over 50 countries will end import duties on 200 IT products. The European Union, China, Japan, South Korea, the U.S. and other countries signed the deal. It will affect smartphones, cameras, ink cartridges, video game consoles and even satellites. Import duties will be removed in the next four years. This will affect $1.3 trillion worth of trade. This is about 7 per cent of all world trade.

The deal will be good for the world. It will be good for consumers, and for companies. The countries worked hard to find the best solutions. The deal will cut costs for consumers and business. It will be particularly good for smaller companies. The EU hopes more countries will sign in the next few years. It said: "Countries around the world can work together to achieve solutions that benefit everyone."

LESSON 27: Artificial intelligence

APPENDIX 2. READING.
Complete the article with words from A part of the text
ACTION ROBOT TO COPY HUMAN BRAIN
Scientists at Aberystwyth University are working on a machine which they hope will recognize objects with cameras that will work as (1)__automata___, and retrieve objects with an arm that will be its (2)____a human ___.
Although the arm will have (3)___joints _ that will link its muscles and an electric motor that will be the (4)___actuators ___, this new (5)__effectors __
won’t move like a human, i.e.it won’t be like the (6)____sensors ___ of science-fiction films: forget Star Wars’ C3PO. It will be desk based:no walking, or climbing stairs.
The team hopes to discover how the brain performs ‘multi-tasking’ and to use that information to develop the (7)____computer system _____ to create a robot that can think for itself.
LESSON 28: Smart-homes
HOME TASK.
Task 1. Read the text answer the questions below.

Translation

Ushbu stsenariyni tasavvur qiling: qishning o'rtasida juma kuni kechasi va siz dam olish kunlari uchun tog'lardagi dam olish uyingizga ketyapsiz. U yerga ketayotib, siz ikkinchi turar joyingizga matnli xabar yuborasiz, u isitishni faollashtiradi, shuning uchun siz kelgan vaqtingizdagi joy yaxshi va issiq bo'ladi. Ayni paytda sizning asosiy turar joyingiz bo'sh bo'lishi mumkin, lekin siz unga bir necha marta chiroqlarni yoqish va o'chirish uchun SMS yuborishingiz mumkin, bu esa potentsial o'g'rilarga kimdir borligi haqidagi taassurot qoldiradi. Shuningdek, siz uy ichida nima sodir bo'layotganini mobil telefoningizda kuzatishingiz mumkin - uy ichidagi kameralar real vaqtda tasvirlarni bevosita telefoningizga yuboradi. Agar falokat yuz bersa va siz u erda bo'lmaganingizda kir yuvish mashinasi sizib chiqsa, sizning uyingiz shu qadar aqlliki, u avtomatik ravishda elektr tarmog'idagi suvni o'chirib qo'yadi va sizni chilangarga qo'ng'iroq qilish kerakligi haqida ogohlantiradi.
Ajablanarlisi bormi? To'rt kishilik bir oila uchun bu ularning uyida allaqachon mavjud bo'lgan imkoniyatlardir. Ular Barselona tashqarisidagi Eneo laboratoriyalari uyida yashaydilar.
Eneo Labs menejeri Xaver Zamoraning aytishicha, ikki yildan so'ng ko'pchiligimiz bu xususiyatlardan bahramand bo'lamiz. U aqlli uylar ikkita asosiy komponentga ega ekanligini tushuntiradi: a; axborot tarmog'i, bu uy ichidagi barcha qurilmalar unga ulanganligi sababli inson tanasining asab tizimiga o'xshaydi; va uy ichidagi narsalarni muvofiqlashtiradigan va uni tashqaridagi narsalar bilan bog'laydigan "miya". Uning aytishicha, kelajakda uy ovozli buyruqlarga javob beradi.

Answer:

1 On your way there, you send your second residence a text message which will activate the heating, so the place is nice and warm by the time you arrive
2. Your main residence, meanwhile, may be vacant, but you can send it an SMS to turn the lights on and off a few times, giving the impression to potential burglars that someone is there.
3 Sounds far-fetched? For one family of four, these are the capabilities their home already has. They are living in an Eneo labs show home outside Barcelone.
4 Javier Zamora, manager of Eneo Labs, says that in as little as two years many of us will be enjoying these features. He explains that smart homes have two main components: an; information network’, which is like a human body’s nervous system in that all devices inside the house are connected to it; and a ‘brain’, which coordinates what is inside the home and connects it to what goes on outside.

Task 2. Write about you future smart home

Home automation or domotics^[1] is building automation for a home, called a smart home or smart house. A home automation system will monitor and/or control home attributes such as lighting, climate, entertainment systems, and appliances. It may also include home security such as access control and alarm systems. When connected with the Internet, home devices are an important constituent of the Internet of Things ("IoT").
A home automation system typically connects controlled devices to a central smart home hub (sometimes called a "gateway"). The user interface for control of the system uses either wall-mounted terminals, tablet or desktop computers, a mobile phone application, or a Web interface that may also be accessible off-site through the Internet.
While there are many competing vendors, there are increasing efforts towards open source systems. However, there are issues with the current state of home automation including a lack of standardized security measures and deprecation of older devices without backwards compatibility.
Home automation has high potential for sharing data between family members or trusted individuals for personal security and could lead to energy saving measures with a positive environmental impact in the future.
The home automation market was worth US$5.77 billion in 2013, predicted to reach a market value of US$12.81 billion by

LESSON 29: Nano-technology

HOMETASK
Task 1.
B. Computers everywhere: human-centered technologies

Translation

Odamlar va kompyuterlar o'rtasidagi munosabatlar yaqinroq bo'ladi
Kompyuterlar turli elementlarga o'rnatilgan yoki yashirin bo'ladi. Masalan, bizda kamarga yoki zargarlik buyumlariga va hokazolarga o'rnatilgan taqiladigan kompyuterlar bo'ladi.
Foydalanuvchi interfeyslari, odamlar va kompyuterlar o'rtasidagi aloqani osonlashtiradigan tizimlar insoniy muloqotga o'xshaydi. Yuz-qo‘lni tanish tizimlariga asoslangan imo-ishora interfeyslari mavjud bo‘ladi.
AKT qurilmalari va multimediya qilinadi. Biz telefonlarimizda Internetga kirish va mobil ofis sifatida ishlaydigan m Bil TV dasturlarini tomosha qilamiz.
Kompyuter chiplari teri ostiga kiritilishi mumkin. RFID, radiochastota identifikatsiya teglari, maxfiylik va shaxsiy xavfsizlik bilan bog'liq xavotirlar mavjud bo'lsa-da, odamlarni kuzatish yoki aniqlash yoki tibbiy ma'lumotlar kabi ma'lumotlarni saqlash uchun ishlatilishi mumkin.
Kelajakda biz Internetning ikki o‘lchovli dunyosini uch o‘lchamli tovush va tasvirlar va hatto teginish hissi bilan 3D tajribasiga o‘zgartiradigan Immersive Internets texnologiyasida suzish imkoniyatiga ega bo‘lamiz.
2040 yilga kelib aqlli robotlar, ijodiy fikrlay oladigan mashinalar paydo bo'lishi mumkin. Kompyuterlarning qayta ishlash quvvati 1.000.000.000 ga yetishi mumkin. MIPS (soniyada millionlab ko'rsatmalar) inson fikrlash tezligi.

Write a caption under each picture illustrating the future trends from part B of the text

APPENDIX 5. POST-PRACTICE

Work in pairs. Match the terms with their definitions
2 A
4 C
1 B
3 D
5 E
APPENDIX 4. READING Internet of things
INTERNET OF THINGS
Translation

Texnologik tahlilchi dunyo narsalar interneti deb ataladigan narsaga hali tayyor emasligi haqida ogohlantirdi. Bu raqamli va texnologik inqilobning navbatdagi bosqichidir. Bu kundalik hayotimizda foydalanadigan barcha qurilmalar, xizmatlar va jihozlarning o'zaro bog'liqligi orqali hayotimizni tubdan o'zgartiradi. Gartner texnologiya tadqiqot kompaniyasi 2020-yilga borib 26 milliardga yaqin qurilma narsalar internetida bo‘lishini bashorat qilmoqda. Bularning barchasi bir-biri bilan bog'lanib, hatto oddiy qarorlar qabul qiladi, masalan, yangi karton sutga buyurtma berish, muammosiz tajriba. Muzlatgich zaxiralarni to‘ldirish zarurligini sezsa, yetkazib berish xizmatiga murojaat qiladi va salom presto – xarid qilishning hojati yo‘q.

“Computer World” jurnalining taʼkidlashicha, narsalar interneti “ fundamental iqtisodiy va ijtimoiy oʻzgarishlarni amalga oshirish salohiyatiga ega” boʻlsa-da, bu texnologik inqilob infratuzilmasini oʻz vaqtida taʼminlash yoʻlida “jiddiy toʻsiqlar” mavjud. Bularga yangi maʼlumotlarni saqlash markazlarini qurish, maʼlumotlarni saqlash va boshqarish hamda maʼlumotlar xavfsizligini taʼminlash kiradi. Kiberxavfsizlik bo'yicha mutaxassis Gib Sorebo kutilmagan hodisalar haqida ogohlantiradi. Uning so'zlariga ko'ra, Internetdagi "ko'zda tutilmagan oqibatlar qonuni" ulangan qurilmalar sonining portlashi bilan bog'liq muammolarni keltirib chiqarishi mumkin. Uning bashorat qilishicha, shaxsiy daxlsizlik bizning kundalik hayotimizda Internetga ulanadigan juda ko'p narsalar tufayli asosiy tashvishga aylanadi.

Task 1. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.

A top technology analyst has warned that the world might not yet be ready for what is called the Internet of Things. This is the next stage of the digital and technological revolution. It will greatly transform our lives via the interconnectedness of all the devices, services and appliances we use in our daily life. The technology research company Gartner predicts that by 2020, nearly 26 billion devices will be on the Internet of Things. All of these things will communicate with each other to make even simple decisions, like ordering a new carton of milk, a seamless experience. The fridge will simply contact the delivery service when it senses stocks need replenishing, and hey presto – no need to go shopping.
The Computer World magazine says that while the Internet of Things has, "the potential to drive fundamental economic and social change," there are "serious obstacles" to ensuring the infrastructure of this technological revolution is in place in time. These include the building of new data storage centers, data storage and management and data security. Gib Sorebo, a cyber-security expert, warns of the unforeseen. He says "the law of unintended consequences" on the Internet could pose problems with the explosion in the number of connected devices. He predicts that privacy will become a primary concern because of the huge number of things in our daily life that will be connected to the Internet.