Understanding Psychology (10th Ed)

E VA LU AT E
1.
We tend to like people who are similar to us. True or false?
2. Which of the following sets are the three components of 
love proposed by Sternberg?
a. Passion, closeness, sexuality
b.
Attraction, desire, complementarity
c. Passion, intimacy, decision/commitment
d. Commitment, caring, sexuality
 interpersonal 
attraction (or close 
 relationship) p. 
604 
reciprocity-of-liking 
effect p. 605
passionate (or romantic) 
love p. 605
companionate love p. 605
aggression p. 608
catharsis p. 609
prosocial behavior p. 611
diffusion of 
responsibility p. 611
altruism p. 611
3. Based on research evidence, which of the following might 
be the best way to reduce the amount of fi ghting a young 
boy does?
a. Take him to the gym and let him work out on the box-
ing equipment.
b. Make him repeatedly watch violent scenes from the 
fi lm The Matrix Reloaded in the hope that it will provide 
catharsis.
c. Reward him if he doesn’t fi ght during a certain period.
d. Ignore it and let it die out naturally.
4.
If a person in a crowd does not help in an apparent emer-
gency situation because many other people are present, 
that person is falling victim to the phenomenon of 
.
R E T H I N K
1.
Can love be studied scientifi cally? Is there an elusive qual-
ity to love that makes it at least partially unknowable? 
How would you defi ne “falling in love”? How would you 
study it?
2. From the perspective of a criminal justice worker: How would 
proponents of the three main approaches to the study of 
aggression—instinct approaches, frustration-aggression 
approaches, and observational learning approaches—in-
terpret the aggression of Eric Rudolph, who was convicted 
of exploding a bomb during the 1996 Summer Olympics 
in Atlanta and later of attacking several women’s clinics? 
Do you think any of these approaches fi ts the Rudolph 
case more closely than the others?