Understanding Psychology (10th Ed)

biological and evolutionary 
 approaches 
to 
personality p. 454
temperament p. 455
humanistic approaches to 
personality p. 457
self-actualization p. 458
unconditional positive
regard p. 458
2.
Eysenck might describe a person who enjoys activities 
such as parties and hang-gliding as high on what trait?
3.
Proponents of which approach to personality would be 
most likely to agree with the statement, “Personality can 
be thought of as learned responses to a person’s upbring-
ing and environment”?
a.
Humanistic
b. Biological and evolutionary
c. Learning
d.
Trait
4.
Bandura would rate a person who would make the state-
ment, “I know I can’t do it” as low on 
.
5.
Which approach to personality emphasizes the innate 
goodness of people and their desire to grow?
a.
Humanistic
b.
Psychodynamic
c. Learning
d. Biological and evolutionary
R E T H I N K
1.
If personality traits are merely descriptive and not explan-
atory, what use are they? Can assigning a trait to a person 
be harmful—or helpful? Why or why not?
2. From the perspective of an educator: How might you encour-
age your students’ development of self-esteem and self- 
effi cacy? What steps would you take to ensure that their 
self-esteem did not become over-infl ated?
Answers to Evaluate Questions 
460 Chapter 
13 
Personality
1. car
dinal, secondary; 2.
extraversion; 
3.
c; 
4.
self-effi
cacy; 5.
a
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