Учебное пособие в систематизированном виде содержит необходимые для изучения курса лексикологии английского языка вспомогательные материалы: планы семинаров, определения основных понятий и терминов на английском и русском языках, темы курсовых

Referent is an object of reality.
Concept is an image of a word having the most general characteristics.
Paradigm ['p^rodazm] is the system of the grammatical forms of a word.
Paradigmatics is 1. associative relationship of words in language as dis­tinct from linear relationship of words in speech (syntagmatics); 2. an approach to language when the elements of its system are regarded as associated units joined by oppositional relationship.
Paradigmatic relations are relations based on the interrelations of words within the vocabulary system.
Syntagmatics is linear (simultaneous) relationship of words in speech as distinct from associative relationship of words in language (paradigmatics).
Syntagmatic relations are relations based on the linear character of speech.
Practical Assignment

1. 
   Compare all the linguistic elements and say whether they possess any features in common. Classify the following units of the English language on the basis of their common properties into lexical and non-lexical ones. Find your own examples of lexical and non-lexical units:
   

[t], pen-man-ship, take up the glove, feather, [a:], They talked for a while as darkness fell on the forest, Dark Continent, -ion, cloud, -ment, [au], (there are) no flies on him.

2. 
   Comment on two-facet and productive/reproductive character of pho­nemes, morphemes, lexemes, sentences and their speech correlatives.
   
3. 
   Compare the following English words summer n, hand v, hot a, luckily adv with their Russian, French, German, etc. equivalents and define their pho­nological, morphological, syntactic and other similarities and differences.
   
4. 
   What is the external structure of the word incomparable? What is the internal structure of this word?
   
5. 
   What is understood by formal unity of a word? Why is it not quite correct to say that a word is indivisible?
   
6. 
   Explain why the word blackbird can be considered a unity and why the combination of words a black bird doesn't possess such a unity?
   
7. 
   What is understood by the semantic unity of a word? Which of the following possesses semantic unity - a bluebell or a blue bell?
   
8. 
   What are the main differences between studying words:
   

1. 
   syntagmatically andparadigmatically; b) synchronically and diachronically?
   

Theme 2
LEXICOGRAPHY. CLASSIFICATION OF DICTIONARIES
Every other author may aspire to praise;
the lexicographer can only hope to escape reproach, and even
this negative recompense has been yet granted to very few.
SamuelJohnson
Lexicographer: a writer of dictionaries, a harmless drudge,
that busies himself in tracing the. original, and detailing
the signification of words.