Учебное пособие предназначено для бакалавров всех специальностей и направлений подготовки радиотехнического факультета. В нем представлены материалы для аудиторной и самостоятельной работы

UNIT 1

Task 1. Study new words and word combinations

1	application	[ˌæplɪ'keɪʃn]	применение
2	science	['saɪəns]	наука
3	phenomenon	[fɪ'nɔmɪnən]	явление
4	device	[dɪ'vaɪs]	устройство
5	flow of electrons	[fləu ov ɪ'lektrɔnz]	поток электронов
6	solid	['sɔlɪd]	твердое тело
7	liquid	['lɪkwɪd]	жидкость
8	semiconductor	[ˌsemɪkən'dʌktə]	полупроводник
9	property	['prɔpətɪ]	свойство
10	law	[lo:]	закон
11	construction	[kən'strʌkʃn]	строительство
12	motion	['məuʃn]	движение
13	electron tube	[ɪ'lektrɔn tjuːb]	электронная лампа
14	technology	[tek'nɔləʤɪ]	технология
15	technician	[tek'nɪʃn]	техник
16	field	[fiːld]	поле
17	industry	['ɪndəstrɪ]	промышленность
18	amplify	['æmplɪfaɪə]	усиливать
19	branch	[brɑːnʧ]	область
20	design	[dɪ'zaɪn]	дизайн, проектирование
21	physical	['fɪzɪkl]	физический
22	industrial	[ɪn'dʌstrɪəl]	промышленный
23	describe	[dɪ'skraɪb]	описывать
24	apply	[ə'plaɪ]	применять
25	emit	[ɪ'mɪt]	излучать
26	study	['stʌdɪ]	изучать
27	include	[ɪn'kluːd]	включать в себя
28	increase	['ɪnkriːs], [ɪn'kriːs]	увеличение, увеличивать
29	divide	[dɪ'vaɪd]	разделять
30	process	['prəuses], [prəu'ses]	процесс, обрабатывать
31	deal with	[diːl wɪð]	иметь дело с
32	measure	['meʒə]	измерять
33	develop	[dɪ'veləp]	разрабатывать
34	contain	[kən'teɪn]	содержать

TASK 2. Study the following suffixes and use them to form new words.
Verb + ment: measure, develop, replace.
Verb +s/ tion: construct, apply, move, divide, inform, emit, invent, connect.
Verb + er/or (person, device): process, construct, amplify, contain, research.
Noun + ist: science, physics.


TASK 3. Revise the rules how to form plural nouns and write the plurals of the nouns from the table above:

1. 
   +s: applications
   
2. 
   –s, -sh, -tch, -ch, -o, -x + es: processes
   
3. 
   consonant + y → ies: studies
   

TASK 4. Study the present form of the verb “to be” and translate the sentences from Russian into English. Make them negative and interrogative.
I am I am not Am I?
He is He is not Is he?
She is She is not Is she?
It is It is not Is it?
We are We are not Are we?
You are You are not Are you?
They are They are not Are they?
1. Электроника – это наука. 2. Это устройство новое. 3 Математика и физика – науки. 4. Эта жидкость опасна. 5. Этот закон хорошо известен. 6. Эти электронные лампы старые. 7. Этот полупроводник очень популярен. 8. Эта технология современная. 9. Этот дизайн очень интересный. 10. Это измерение точное. 11. Эта информация не точная. 12. Этот ученый очень известный.

TASK 5. Study the past form of the verb “to be” and translate the given above sentences from Russian into English. Make them negative and interrogative.

I was I was not Was I?
He was He was not Was he?
She was She was not Was she?
It was It was not Was it?
We were We were not Were we?
You were You were not Were you?
They were They were not Were they?


TASK 6. Study the following table of Present Simple and the rules of its use. Fill in the gaps in the sentences below. Make them negative and interrogative.
We use it when we speak about:

1. 
   Habits (I play computer games every day.)
   
2. 
   Permanent actions (I study Electronics.)
   
3. 
   Laws and rules (Cathode emits electrons when heated.)
   
4. 
   Sport commentaries (Sychev passes to Arshavin, Arshavin scores.)
   
5. 
   Future: timetables (English starts at 8 a.m. tomorrow.)
   

Time references: always, usually, often, seldom, sometimes, never, every day (week, …), once a week, from time to time, etc.
Present simple

?				+	-
What When Where Why How How much How many How often Which	Do Does	I you we they he she it	play?	I We You play They He She plays It	I We You do not play They He She does not play It

1. Future radio-engineers … (to study) at the radio-engineering faculty. 2. Electronics … (to be) a young science. 3. Electronic devices … (to play) a great role in radio equipment. 4. A receiving station … (to receive) radio waves. 5. Transmitting stations … (to radiate) radio waves. 6. A transmitting station … (to have) a radio transmitter and antenna. 7. A radio transmitter … (to be) a device for radiating electromagnetic waves. 8. The main parts of a transmitter … (to be) а high-frequency oscillator, a ground, and an antenna. 9. The necessary components of radio communication … (to be) a transmitter and a receiver. 10. A wide application of radio devices … (to lead) to the further development of science.

TASK 7. Read the first part of the text.
ELECTRONICS
Electronics is the science of electronic phenomena, devices and systems. It describes and applies the flow of electrons emitted from solids or liquids passing through vacuum, gases or semiconductors. Electronics as a science studies the properties of electrons, the laws of their motion, and the laws of the transformation of various kinds of energy through the media of electrons. The basic elements in electronics are the electron tube and the transistor.
Although electronics is properly regarded as only a section of electrical technology, electronic techniques are applied in many fields, including industry, communication, defense and entertaining. Due to its versatility it becomes increasingly difficult to draw clear dividing lines between electronics and other branches of electronic technology.
While physical electronics is the science of electronic processes, industrial electronics deals with the technology of design, construction and application of electronic devices. The industrial applications of electronics include control gauging, counting and measuring, speed regulations, and many others.


TASK 8. Answer the following questions and retell the text and make up 5 more questions of your own.
1. What is electronics? 2. What does it study? 3. What are the basic elements in electronics? 4. Where are the electronic techniques applied? 5. What does industrial electronics deal with?


TASK 9. Listen to the recording and fill in the gaps.
Electronics is a new 1)… of physics, and one that plays an increasingly 2)… part in our lives. It is concerned with the use of 3)… to produce 4)… that carry information and control 5)… such as computers. These devices 6)… electric circuits through which electric current 7)…. The controlling parts in a circuit are called 8)…, and these 9)… diodes and transistors. Components can 10)… currents, switch them on and off or change their direction.

UNIT 2

Task 1. Study new words and word combinations

1	invention	[ɪn'venʃ(ə)n]	изобретение
2	important	[ɪm'pɔːt(ə)nt]	важный
3	development	[dɪ'veləpmənt]	развитие
4	engineering	[ˌenʤɪ'nɪərɪŋ]	инженерное дело
5	enlarge	[ɪn'lɑːʤ ], [en'lɑːʤ]	увеличивать
6	purpose	['pɜːpəs]	назначение, цель
7	vacuum	['vækjuːm]	вакуум
8	broadcasting	['brɔːdkɑːstɪŋ]	вещание
9	telecasting	['telɪˌkɑːstɪŋ]	телевещание
10	research	[rɪ'sɜːʧ]	исследование
11	radar	['reɪdɑː]	радар
12	replace	[rɪ'pleɪs]	заменять
13	reduce	[rɪ'djuːs]	сокращать
14	size	[saɪz]	размер
15	advance	[əd'vɑːn(t)s]	развитие, прогресс
16	consider	[kən'sɪdə]	рассматривать, полагать
17	connect	[kə'nekt]	соединять
18	appearance	[ə'pɪər(ə)n(t)s]	появление
19	use	[juːz]	использовать
20	introduction	[ˌɪntrə'dʌkʃ(ə)n]	введение, представление
21	range	[reɪnʤ]	диапазон
22	suppose	[sə'pəuz]	полагать
24	microelectronics	[ˌmaikrəiˌlek'troniks]	микроэлектроника
25	lead	[li:d]	приводить
26	large-scale integrated circuit	[lɑːʤ skeil integreitid 'sɜːkɪt]	большая интегральная схема
27	square	[skwɛə]	квадратный
28	inch	[ɪnʧ]	дюйм
29	tape recorder	['teɪprɪˌkɔːdə]	магнитофон
30	tool	[tul]	инструмент

TASK 2. Study the following suffixes and use them to form new words.
NOUNS: Verb + -ence, -ance: appear →appearance: apply, resist, capacitor.
ADVERBS: Adjective + -ly: usual → usually: increasing, like, recent, common, considerable.
VERBS: En/ em + adjective: large → enlarge: power, able, circle.
ADJECTIVES:
Verb + -able: compute → computable: adjust, vary, change, note.
Noun + -ant (-ent): import → important;
Verb, noun + - ive: effect → effective: conduct, resist, prevent, protect.
Noun + -ic: electron → electronic: science.


TASK 3. Study the following prepositions and fill in the gaps in the text with the prepositions. Listen to the recording and check the answers.

of: the flow of electrons from: I am from Russia. through: to pass through in: I live in Russia. to: I go to school

between: to draw a line between two things with: deal with for: a present for you on: the computer is on the table into: convert into

ISAAC NEWTON
The English physicist and mathematician Isaac Newton was one 1) ... the greatest scientists 2) ... all time. His theories revolutionized scientific thinking and laid the foundations 3) ... modern physics. His book Principia Mathematica is one 4) ... the most important works 5) ... the history 6) ... modern science. Newton discovered the law 7) ... gravity and developed the three laws 8) ... motion that are still 9) ... use today. He was the first person to split white light 10) ... the colours 11) ... spectrum, and his research 12) ... light led him to design a reflecting telescope. Newton was also one 13) ... the pioneers 14) ... a new branch 15) ... mathematics called calculus.


TASK 4. Study the following infinitive structure, read the sentences below and translate them from English into Russian.