Toefl exam Essentials

Take note of verbal clues. As you listen to different peo-
ple, pick out the clues that let you know when they are
changing subjects or making a point that is important to
them.
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Listen to different speaking styles. Consider the speak-
ing styles of three different people (for example, your
teachers, people you overhear at a café, or political speak-
ers on cable news programs). What helps you understand
what each has to say? What makes it difficult?

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LISTENING
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LISTENING TO LECTURES
Lectures, the primary teaching method in colleges today, can be
challenging to listeners. They demand your sustained attention
and often, you can’t interrupt a lecturer to ask a question or clar-
ify a point. Lectures, however, are often much more organized
than everyday conversation or a class discussion. Once you know
what organizational and verbal clues to listen for, you will better
understand what you hear.
Main ideas—Most speakers organize their lectures around
a main idea or point, and often they will announce their
main idea at the beginning of the lecture. These phrases
and statements signal the introduction of a topic:
“Now I’d like to talk about . . .”
“Let’s turn our attention to . . .”
“Moving on to the next subject . . .”