"To be" and its functions. "To have" and its functions

6. The pressure being known at some point in the flow of air, the pressure at another point on the same streamline may be calculated by Bernoulli's law.
7. Most elements have stable atoms, but some like radium or uranium undergo radioactive decay and change into other elem­ents, the change being accomplished by a release of energy.
8. After the first nuclear disintegration experiments in 1919 similar experiments took place during the next decade, natural radioactive materials being used as a source of energetic particles.
9. The heat being proportional to the square of the current, the rise in temperature in a hot-wire instrument is also proportional to the square of current.
10. A magnetic field surrounds a current-carrying wire, its strength decreasing as the distance from the wire surface increa­ses.
11. It has been calculated that about 24 million visible meteors reach the Earth's atmosphere every 24 hours, their total weight amounting to about 5 tons per day.
12. Stars differ tremendously in size, the largest ones being several times the size of the Sun and the smallest star being about the size of the Moon.
13. The 101 elements that were discovered or predicted up to 1956 have atomic numbers from 1 to 101, all gaps between these numbers having been filled by now.
14. During the period 1925—1935 many nuclear transformations were produced using as bombarding particles protons, alpha particles, or gamma-rays, these usually being obtained from the particle-accelerating machines, primarily the cyclotron.


XVII Translate the sentences paying attention to participle clauses, containing the preposition “with”:


1. The nucleus of an ordinary hydrogen atom consists of one proton, with one electron moving round it.
2. With to-day's rockets having as many as 10,000 separate components, miniaturization of components is an important phase of development.