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935
Introduction
Before revealing the essence and meaning of diplomatic and political
terms, I would like to make a brief excursion into the very essence and meaning
of words “Term” and “terminology” in terms of other sources. The term (from
the Latin terminus – “limit, border”) - a word or word-combination that
accurately and unambiguously names the concept and its relationship with
another by different concepts within a special sphere. The terms are
specialized limiting, restrictive designations characteristic of this sphere
objects, phenomena, their properties and relationships. Unlike the words of the
general vocabulary that is often ambiguous and emotional, terms within their
scope are unambiguous and devoid of expression. Terminology as a specialized
field of knowledge is attracting more and more attention of researchers. This is
due to the international nature of the joint scientific knowledge caused by the
integration processes and, as a consequence, vie, the desire to unify terms as a
way to overcome linguistic barriers in various spheres of social and economic
activity. According to modern researchers (Н.В. Подольской,
А.В.Суперанской, Г.П. Немца, Н.В. Васильевой, В.П. Даниленко, В.М.
Грязновой,Т. Л. Канделаки and others), the terminology of the present tense
is artificial formed lexical layer, each unit of which has a definite specific
restriction for use and optimal conditions for existence and development. It
should be noted that diplomatic terms are created in their most in Latin,
English, French or borrowed through English and French as intermediary
languages. In Uzbek the language of the terminosphere of diplomacy and
politics is actively developing, therefore it is logical to assume that, thus, the
results of mental activity humanities associated with diplomacy and externally
- state relations, are fixed in terms. Unlike objects that exist independently of a
person, an object science is formed by the subject cognizing it from the
standpoint of theoretical knowledge epoch, therefore, turning to the theoretical
past of the question is theoretical research in the field of terminology in the
post-Soviet space is traditionally associated with the names of А.А.
936
Реформатско, Г.О. Винокура, В.В. Виноградова, С.Г. Бархударова, О.С.
Ахмановой, К.А.Левковской, Б.Н. Головина, В. П. Даниленко, В. М. Лейчика,
and the consideration terminology in the applied aspect - with the names of
Э.К. Дрезена, Д.С. Лотте, С.А. Чаплыгина, С.И. Коршунова, Т.Л. Канделаки,
В.И. Сифорова, В.С. Кулебакина, Я.А. Климовицкого (1,СаидовХ.А.)
As for the definitions of the term, over time they change-are, but the
provisions put forward by D.S. Lotte remain generally accepted:
1) the term is considered as a member of the national terminological
systems;
2) a term element is the minimum unit that has a terminological meaning
and participating in term formation;
3) naturally formed terminologies have certain “Disadvantages”;
4) distinguish between "absolute" and "relative" unambiguity of the
terminus;
5) it is necessary to divide the array of concepts into "own" and
"attracted” (only the terms of their own concepts are ordered);
6) you should initially give ordered terms a status terminological
recommendation so that specialists get used to the new understanding of
terms;
7) first of all, attention should be paid to correct post-swarming of nodes
of terms that are producer terms, for from their structure also depends on the
entire structure of its own industry terminology;
8) the formed term must be the proper name of the objector a concept
without synonyms in this area and not representing homonym;
9) the existing and newly created term should cause a certain divided
association – “private” (semantic) or “nodal”.
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The term as a linguistic phenomenon throughout its history of
development was considered by each scientist from a certain point of view,
and, despite a large number of works devoted to terminology, many problems
regarding the term have not yet been resolved. None of the researchers have a
monopoly on truth, so terminological work must continue
(2).
Terms, as well as general literary vocabulary, are inherent in ambiguity,
homonymy, synonymy, which to a certain extent limits the accuracy and
uniqueness of terms. However, along with similar features, there is also aa
significant difference. First of all, this is the specific nature of the term (3; p 86-
89), which is noticeably manifested at the level of semantics, as well as in the
fact that terminology covers a closed vocabulary context When defining the
concept of "term" from a semantic point of view, the dependence of the
corresponding linguistic units on their lexical meanings, as well as the
possibility of terminological use (along with individual words) and word
combinations, which is especially typical for new terminology. When creating
a new term, the search for the necessary sign information is carried out.
Knowledge based on the available language experience, consolidating it in a
special «Information and terminological sphere of language" and forecasting
new achievements in this direction. On the formation of a new term has a
significant impact on extra-linguistic factor associated with the emergence of
new sciences and other achievements. In some cases, extra linguistic factors
are defining what contributes to borrowing the term together with a concept
from the source language.
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