‘This is a wonderful book that should be on the desk of every architect and planner. It shows how


But don’t some green designers already try to create ‘living buildings’?



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Positive Development From Vicious Circles to V

But don’t some green designers already try to create ‘living buildings’?
If they were living buildings, they would be largely invisible. Given that architecture is regarded 
as a ‘visual art’, 
invisibility
is generally not the image sought by designers. Blending in with the 
environment might also be resisted as a challenge to the ‘monumental’ self-image of some architects.
Green Space Walls challenge the billboard or huge computer screen model that is emerging today. 
Remember, most building designers are under intense external and internal pressure to impress the 
architectural fraternity. A building shape and façade may score points in design competitions by 
incorporating eco-logical design principles, but the building must ‘show off’. It is the building shape, 


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Positive Development
or sculptural and stylish façade, that wins awards.
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But passive design could be sculpturally exciting, 
even though relatively invisible, and challenge the nature–human divide through the 
integration
of the 
structure with ecological space [Figure 10]. New intermediate spaces (eg half indoor, half outdoor) 
could be retrofitted to add many human/ecological health improvement functions. They could help 
to transform existing buildings into ‘gardens for living’, as opposed to ‘machines for living’. This 
requires a new approach to space, however.
Doesn’t space cost money, even if human and natural functions are integrated?
Currently, our ways of enclosing space are resource and capital intensive. If natural systems are 
uninterrupted and integral with building functions, they should not cost more. Space does not 
actually cost money: it is the real estate, structure, layout and materials enclosing space that add costs.
After all, the embodied energy of a balloon is not reduced by letting its air out. Enclosing space, in 
itself, need not be detrimental. The environmental impacts result from the transfer of land from 
ecosystems to development, and the embodied waste in the structures crushing the land and so on. Of 
course, developers lose money if they do not maximize units per area. If we combined ecological space 
with development, however, it would increase market values. Developers might then compete for 
spatial qualities, not material riches. Yet creative multi-functional use of space has not been used as a 
tool of eco-logical design. Ecological space is rare, to the extent it exists at all. Although architecture is 
fundamentally concerned with space, environmental issues have been narrowly couched in a pollution 
and energy-efficiency framework which green designers have adopted. While other resource issues, 
like CO
2
and water, have taken on more importance, materials are often maximized for purposes like 
thermal mass and durability, not to mention achieving a palatial image. In other words, designers 
use ‘space’ ostentatiously to impress either users (inside–out) or the general public (outside–in), or 
eliminate it to save energy.

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