‘This is a wonderful book that should be on the desk of every architect and planner. It shows how


But doesn’t the embodied energy of passive solar buildings cost extra?



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Positive Development From Vicious Circles to V

But doesn’t the embodied energy of passive solar buildings cost extra?
With good design, it should cost less, as there tends to be more embodied energy in hi-tech equipment 
and industrial materials. The eco-design report would also shift the burden of proof from assessors 
to designers or project proponents, who are in the best position to avoid impacts in the first place.
We have seen that the tendency is to starve the design process while adding ever more complex 
bureaucracy, technology and compliance activity. Yet this activity does not make project proponents 
re-examine their own untested assumptions, such as ‘sustainable design costs more’. Environmental 
impact assessments and rating tools track the extremely complex negative impacts of fossil fuels, 
rather than explain how they cannot be avoided.
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By avoiding or reversing impacts, and improving 
human and ecosystem health, designers could reduce assessment and reporting costs. Eco-design 
reports would be less costly than rating tools and conventional assessment processes in that they 
would not require outsourcing to specialist consultants. Since the work and expense incurred in 
reporting would be greater for projects that are more harmful, the costs would shift to those who do 
not attempt sustainable design for a change.


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Building Rating Tools
What would be the role of government in the eco-design reporting process?
Currently, in most places, proposals that meet a minimum standard are automatically approved. In 
contrast, eco-design reports would enable public sector assessors to suggest alternative, more creative 
solutions. At present, the focus on individual buildings and their components limits our ability to 
rethink buildings and urban form, and their functions, in relation to their ecological and regional 
context. Planners could facilitate net Positive Development by mapping:

The costs of existing systems (ie past, present and ‘opportunity’ costs) 
• 
The costs of inaction (ie future costs that will result from not eco-retrofitting)
This would help to identify deficiencies that a new or retrofitted development could correct. However, 
to work towards a resource balance between a city and its context at any scale (eg bioregion or 
ecoregion), positive environments would need to 
over
-compensate for any unavoidable impacts of 
the proposed development. By identifying regional ‘surpluses’, planners can ensure buildings are 
designed for, say, the incorporation of the most suitable sources of energy and materials for the 
given location [Chapter 4]. Planners can also identify materials with potentially positive social and 
environmental impacts. For example, the production of sustainably-farmed biobased materials could 
contribute to rural revitalization (or reimbursement) as well as healthier urban environments.
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In 
this process, planners can also help to identify leverage points where modifications can generate 
constructive ripple effects throughout the region, or what Lerner calls ‘urban acupuncture’
[Chapter 1].

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