The Translator as Communicator


particularly unpleasant for those who have never seen the slaughter of animals



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translator as communcator


particularly unpleasant for those who have never seen the slaughter of animals.
However, it is necessary to recognize that the East Coast seal hunt is a
slaughtering operation, and there is no way that it can be made a pretty sight. It is
however, neither cruel nor a massacre. Statements to that effect are false and
misleading, designed to generate an emotional response to an otherwise normal
operation.
In this sample, paragraph one is clearly a through-argument, paragraph two a
counter-argument. This particular editorial, however, eschews the ‘hortatory’ tone
which we normally associate with argumentation in general. Instead, an
analytical orientation is deliberately adopted: reference to people is avoided as far
as possible (e.g. reports indicate), nominalizations are preferred to
straightforward agent-verb sequences (a slaughtering operation) and verbs of
perception, feeling, etc. are rarely used. The overall effect is a world interpreted
in new ways to accommodate an ideology under threat (Martin 1985).
CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION 109


In this regard, it is perhaps worth noting a striking similarity between
argumentative texts and texts belonging to another ‘operative’ type, namely the
instructional. The similarity, however, is to be viewed more in terms of the ‘goals’
aimed at rather than the ‘means’ adopted, including most importantly the use of
appropriate linguistic devices to achieve such goals. That is, while argumentative
and instructional text types both set out to ‘manage’ a given situation and thus
focus on the shaping of future behaviour, the means of pursuing such goals are
different. Instructional texts attempt to ‘regulate’ through ‘instruction’ (as in
contracts and treaties); argumentative texts ‘evaluate’ through ‘persuasion’ (as in
advertising and propaganda).

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