The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020

particularly Europe. African imports consist 
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THE STATE OF WORLD FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE 
2020
FIGURE 32
IMPORT AND EXPORT VALUES OF FISH PRODUCTS FOR DIFFERENT REGIONS, INDICATING NET 
DEFICIT OR SURPLUS 
USD BILLION
USD BILLION
USD BILLION
USD BILLION
USD BILLION
USD BILLION
USD BILLION
ASIA, EXCLUDING CHINA
EUROPE
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
Export value (free on board)
Import value (cost, insurance, freight)
AFRICA
CHINA
OCEANIA
NORTH AMERICA
0
20
40
60
0
20
40
60
0
5
10
15
20
2
4
6
8
2
4
6
8
0
5
10
15
20
25
0
5
10
15
20
25
1976
1982
1988
1994
2000
2006
2012
2018
1976
1982
1988
1994
2000
2006
2012
2018
1976
1982
1988
1994
2000
2006
2012
2018
1976
1982
1988
1994
2000
2006
2012
2018
1976
1982
1988
1994
2000
2006
2012
2018
1976
1982
1988
1994
2000
2006
2012
2018
1976
1982
1988
1994
2000
2006
2012
2018
Deficit
Deficit
Surplus
Surplus
Surplus
Deficit
Surplus
SOURCE: FAO.
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PART 1 
WORLD REVIEW
largely of cheaper small pelagic species such as 
mackerel or tilapia, but represent an important 
source of dietary diversification for populations 
that are otherwise dependent on a narrow 
range of staple foods. 
The growing importance of regional trade flows 
has been facilitated by a steady increase in the 
number of regional trade agreements since the 
1990s. These agreements are reciprocal trade 
agreements establishing preferential terms 
of trade among trading partners in the same 
geographical region. They currently apply to a 
large proportion of global trade in fish and fish 
products and are expected to continue to play a 
prominent role in the structure and dynamics 
of international trade. 
As constituents of bilateral agreements or as 
unilaterally imposed measures, tariffs are 
widely utilized trade policy tools and are 
important determinants of global trade flows. 
The World Trade Organization (WTO) principle 
of most-favoured nations generally prevents its 
members from discriminating against trading